tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-39196784523395914532024-03-13T11:47:28.731-05:00Strange Fruit and Spanish MossThis blog started as an attempt to find a lynching for every day of the year. It is a grim part of United States history that I fear too many find easy to shrug away. After two years, I am now focusing on finding more information on the lynchings I have covered as well as posting about lynchings I have not, regardless of excuse given for the lynching.Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.comBlogger707125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-34811595780963294862018-07-10T09:38:00.003-05:002018-08-25T14:54:32.180-05:00August 1,1922: Punk Harris <i>Today's lynching comes to us from the pages of Lincoln Journal Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) dated August 1, 1922:</i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>LYNCH NEGRO IN THE SOUTH</b></span></div>
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<b>"PUNK"HARRIS SHOT YOUNG BUSINESS MAN.<span style="font-size: large;"> </span></b></div>
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<b>Was Surprised While looting Home and Fatally Injures White—Body Dragged Thru Streets of Hot Springs.</b></div>
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HOT SPRINGS, Ark., Aug. 1.—"Punk" Harris, negro, was lpnched [sic] by a mob in front of the Como hotel here today and his body dragged thru the streets.</div>
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Harris was said to have shot and mortally wounded Maurice Conley, young business man, last night when the latter surprised the negro while robbing his home. Conley died this morning.</div>
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<i>On August 3rd, The Argos Reflector (Argos, Indiana) printed a slightly different telling of the event:</i></div>
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<b>LYNCHING AT HOT SPRINGS</b></div>
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<b>Negro Suspected of Killing a White Man Is Hanged in Public Square.</b></div>
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Hot Springs, Ark., Aug. 2.—"Punk" Harris, a negro, was taken from officers here at nine o'clock in the morning and hanged in a public square following the death early in the day of Maurice Connelly, an insurance solicitor, who was shot by a negro burglar.</div>
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Harris, who was arrested early in the day was said by the police was said by the police to have answered a description given of a man seen running from the scene of the shooting. He protested his innocence. According to the police Harris had served a sentence in the Arkansas penitentiary for burglary.</div>
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<i>Thank you for joining us and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com0Hot Springs, AR, USA34.5037004 -93.05517950000000834.2943049 -93.377903 34.7130959 -92.732456000000013tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-89038880535759861412018-06-30T15:57:00.002-05:002018-08-25T14:54:59.834-05:00Sam Hose: The More Things Change the More They Stay the Same <br />
<i>Today I will start with an article covering the results of a private detective's investigation into the lynching. If you are like me, you were probably wondering how a man going around a town asking questions of everyone would get any answers. I had this whole image in my head of this dapper dressed gentleman asking people around town if anyone knew anything about the crime. I have a vivid imagination and it was quite funny in my head. Luckily he wasn't so obvious. Apparently, he posed as a vendor of hog cholera medicine in order to gain the trust of people and learn more about the crime. </i><br />
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<i>The Chicago Tribune (Chicago, Illinois) dated June 5, 1899:</i><br />
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<b>LIGHT ON GEORGIA LYNCHING.</b></div>
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<b>Detective Reports That Mrs. Cranford Now Admits Sam Hose Did Not Attack Her.</b></div>
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Louis Le Vin, a private detective, who was sent by colored people of Chicago to Newman [sic], Ga., to learn the facts concerning the burning of Sam Hose at the stake, made his report yesterday afternoon at a meeting held in Bethel Church, Thirtieth and Dearborn streets.</div>
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"Hose had been employed by Cranford," he said, "and in a quarrel over wages Cranford ran into his house and came out again with a revolver. As he was about to shoot Hose seized an ax and struck Cranford in the head and killed him instantly. Hose fled to avoid arrest. Mrs. Cranford, who witnessed the tragedy, said herself that Hose did not say a word to her or in anyway touch her."</div>
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The men who sent the detective to Georgia will have his report printed and will distribute it all over the United States. </div>
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<i>Next is an article that is a reminder that there can be far reaching affects from something that happens in a small town. The article is found in </i><i>The Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester, N. Y.) dated November 6, 1899:</i></div>
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<b>THE SAM HOSE ATROCITY NOT FORGOTTEN</b></div>
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An echo in the distant Philippines of the fiendish atrocities perpetrated upon many colored persons in the South has been heard. It takes the form of an appeal to out colored troops thereto join the native insurgents in fighting against our flag, and sites the cases of Sam Hose and Gray, who were tortured to death by white mobs in the South.</div>
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There is no reason to believe that this appeal will have any effect upon the loyalty of the colored troops. They know that the American people at large and the government are in no sense responsible for the horrible atrocities perpetrated by those mobs, and they also know that the Filipino leaders who have invited them to join the insurgent cause are equal to the perpetration of atrocities as terrible as that which attended the death of Sam Hose.</div>
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But this Filipino call to the blacks shows how far-reaching may be the influence of such a crime. There is reason to believe that the Filipinos themselves are not solely responsible for this attempt to incite our colored troops to desert the flag and take up arms against it. The spirit of the treasonable anti-expansion movement in this country is entirely equal to such an infamous performance, and it is not at all improbable that some of the men who are indulging in bitter denunciation of the war and of our government have put the Filipino insurgent chiefs up to this despicable piece of business.</div>
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The incident itself is a scathing reflection both upon Aquinaldo's sympathizers in this country and upon the white sentiment in the South which instigated, perpetrated and approved the Sam Hose horror. </div>
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<i>Lastly, I have added an article from The North Carolinian (Raleigh, N. C.) dated August 22, 1901:</i></div>
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<b>SHOULD EDITORS BE LYNCHED?</b></div>
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Mr. John Temple Graves charges up the prevalence of the crime that leads to lynching in the newspapers. Hear him: </div>
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"My attention was first directed to these reflections by the reports of the Sam Hose burning exploited in the columns of the Atlanta papers three years ago.</div>
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"No sensational event of the decade has been more vitally and elaborately described in the papers than this weirdly horrible holocaust of the Palmetto rapist. Column on column of gruesome description pulsed under the glare of blazing headlines, and day after day the Journal and the Constitution went flaming northward and southward to carry from the scene of the tragedy the details of the crime crimes against the woman and the crime against the criminal, emphasized by all the lurid glow and color of local passion and excitement.</div>
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"Among thinking men the first sober reflection after the burning was that the action of the mob, deplorable and terrible as it was, would be a terrific warning to the demons of lust and an effective intimidation to the spirit of rape. </div>
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"This was an ignorant and a lamentable fallacy.</div>
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"The Sam Hose burning was followed by a perfect carnival of rape. So far intimidating, it seemed to inspire the black demon to a most desperate and hellish activity. There were seven attempts at rape, in Georgia alone, and one of them within the same county.</div>
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"Why this sequence to so appalling an antecedent? The punishment was enough to intimidate. Its detailed publicity was well nigh perfect and universal.</div>
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"There can be no other explanation than that the criminal mind, unappalled by the horror of punishment, revelled in the lustful details of the crime, and rushed to an imitation of the inviting crime, reckless of the swift and inevitable Nemesis that followed on its commission."</div>
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If this indictment is true, the presses ought to be burned and the editors lynched. To show that the logic is bad, we need only to state that the brutes who imitated Sam Hose do not know how to read, they did not read the papers mentioned or see them, and therefore could not have been influenced by them. Booker Washington has often made the statement that no educated negro has been guilty of the crime which evokes lynching. So far nobody has denied his assertion. If the educated negroes, who read the papers, had elapsed into barbarism by the detailed accounts of the crimes, Mr. Graves might have support for his serious charge against the newspapers, but as the brutes cannot read and do not see newspapers, his indictment falls to the ground.</div>
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If Mr. Graves had confined his criticism to those accounts of such crimes as are so written and printed as to offend against decency, he could maintain his charge against some newspapers, but to saddle the whole responsibility upon the newspapers is so grave an accusation as to shock the newspapers and the newspaper readers. </div>
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Along with a great deal of good, newspapers do some harm, but Mr. Graves has drawn an indictment that would warrant the lynching of the editors if it were true.</div>
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<i>This article is such a disaster of logic. The first claim being made seems to be that being aware of the details of a crime will make someone commit the same crime. That is certainly a ludicrous statement. But not to be outdone, the author of the article chose to let logic fall by the wayside and throw in rampant racism as well. </i></div>
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<i>Thank you for reading and a</i><i>s always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder. </i></div>
Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-58393307766770769582018-06-20T21:00:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:55:21.709-05:00June 17, 1873: Martin Patterson, Orginie, and Adrien<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our lynching today comes from the New Orleans Republican dated June 18, 1873. A quick note, the New Orleans Republican is the only paper I could find that listed the names of the three lynched men.</i><br />
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<b>BY TELEGRAPH.</b><br />
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<b>THE MURDER AT NEW IBERIA</b><br />
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<b>ARREST OF THE MISCREANTS</b><br />
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<b>CONFESSION OF ONE OF THEM</b><br />
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<b>THE THREE OTHERS HANGED</b><br />
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<b>[Special to the New Orleans Republican.]</b><br />
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NEW IBERIA, June 17, 1873.</div>
Messrs. L. A. and Seymour R. Snaer started this morning from town on horseback in the company with Deputy Sheriff Moss. Arriving at a point about five miles from New Iberia, and near the spot where the unfortunate Lanet and Saner were murdered, they met a large assemblage of our citizens, white and colored, among whom were our oldest and wealthiest citizens, who were assembled for the purpose of taking some determinate steps for the apprehension of the murderers of those unfortunate gentlemen.<br />
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After some preliminary arrangements in the mode of procedure, Mr. Seymour R. Snaer, attorney at law, who came here yesterday expressly to see about this case, was chosen as the prosecuting attorney.<br />
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Suspicion rested on one Policot, whose hat and shirt were found with bloody spots on them. After close examination of about a dozen winesses suspician[sic] rested on three other men, who were immediately arrested. When Policot was brought to the stand and after a close examination he fully confessed that Martin Patterson, Originie and Adrien, in connection with him, were the assassins. Although he denied having taken an active part, he confesses himself to have been an accessory before and after the fact.<br />
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He stated that this murder was planned by the above named parties a week or more before; that they came in the store fully prepared with strong sticks and a double barreled shot gun, all of which were hidden under a shed outside of the store; that they drank freely and paid for it; that one of them wanted to tell Snaer something in the ear; that as soon as Snaer bent his head he was struck by another party.<br />
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Snaer was stunned a little, but took an ax handle and returned the blow, but was too weak to effect much harm. He was repeatedly struck over the head. So was Lanet. Both of them fell, when Originie jumped over the counter and cut their throats from ear to ear, and afterward dragged them to the barroom and sprinkled coal oil over their bodies and everywhere on the bedding. After robbing the contents of the safe and all valuables, fire was set and all consumed.<br />
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At this juncture the citizens began to be uncontrollable. At least 200 revolvers were drawn, and cries of "Shoot them!" were heard everywhere in the building. Mr. L. A. Snaer protested, as the Representative of this parish, against these summary proceedings. Mr. Seymour R. Snaer, the attorney, also protested, saying that he was sure that justice would be done if the prisoners were brought before the courts. But their protestations were to no avail. Seeing this they rode off in a quick gallop, not wishing to be present at the execution.<br />
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These parties are known to be of the worst character, and many crimes and robberies were commited by them lately.<br />
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After the departure of Mr. Snaer and his brother the prisoners were taken to town, and cries of "hang them" were heard everywhere. Mr. Seymour Snaer was called for by the people, whose number was at least 1000.<br />
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Mr. Snaer appealed to the people to spare the life of Policot, because he had promised to do all he could to save his life if he would make a full confession.<br />
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After that the people took Martin, Orginie and Adrien across the bayou and hanged them to a tree. Policot's life was aved through the appeal of Mr. Snaer.<br />
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L.</div>
<i>This seems suspiciously like a case of rounding up the usual suspects. I don't know if the other two Snaers were related to the murdered man. If they were, then they were not impartial in prosecuting the four murderers. The fact that the other three "murderers" were lynched from Policot's confession is suspect. Much like the lynching of the Lige Strickland in the Sam Hose case in 1899.</i><br />
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<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i><br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-21639390625424494322018-06-13T09:36:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:55:36.967-05:00Sam Hose, After the Lynching<br />
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<i>Today we are looking at "Negro" papers and their reactions to the lynchings. We are starting with </i><i>The Topeka Plaindealer (Topeka, Kansas) dated April 28, 1899:</i><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>IT IS HELL!</b></span><i><b> </b></i></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">There Is No Other Designation to Be Placed to the Credit of Barbarous Georgia.</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">DIRT OF DAREDEVILS!</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">The Barbarians of That Sinkhole of Iniquity, Georgia, Have Surpassed All Previous Efforts at Savagery.</span></b></div>
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<b>PESTILENCE AND PLAGUE,</b></div>
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<b>Such as the Bubonic Abhorrence, Should Be Visited Upon These Imps of Hell and Their Sympathizers.</b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Special Despatch [sic] to The Globe-Democrat.</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">NEWMAN [SIC], Ga., April 23.—A few ashes and some disgusting pieces of bone and flesh in the pockets of hundreds of morbid people, are all that is left of Sam. Hose, the Negro who last Wednesday a week ago murdered Alfred Cranford, four miles from Palmetto, and criminally assaulted his wife.</span></div>
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The above is the opening paragraph in the telegraphic reports from the South. Sometime ago we raised the question as to the probable number of degrees the Southern whites are removed from abject barbarism. The crime for which Sam Hose was burned at the stake is very graphically summarized by <i>The Atlanta Constitution, </i>as follows: </div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">An unassuming industrious and hard-working farmer, after his day's toll, sat at his evening meal. Around him sat his wife and children, happy in the presence of the man who was fulfilling to him every duty imposed by nature. At peace with the world, serving God and loyal to humanity they looked forward to the coming day.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Noiselessly the murderer, with uplifted ax, advanced from the rear and sank it into the brain of the unsuspecting victim. Tearing the child from the mother's breast, he flung it into the pool of blood oozing from its father's wound.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Then began the culmination which has dethroned the reason of the people of Western Georgia during the past week. As critics will howl about the lynchings, The Constitution will be pardoned for stating the plain facts.</span></div>
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A very intelligent Negro deplores the awful crime of Sam Hose and would insist that the full penalty of the law be given him. Such a crime merits the severest condemnation, and the question of color should in no sense be regarded as a mitigating circumstance.</div>
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But the telegraphic reports graphically portray two hideous pictures; the above is one; here is the other: after committing his awful crime, Sam. Hose fled. He was captured by two farmers and delivered to the sheriff. A mob of 3,000 men, from three counties, dragged the victim with shouts and yells before the mother of the ravished woman who identified him; he was then taken to an open space two miles in the country and <i>chained to a pine tree, </i>divested of all clothing, except a gauze undershirt which was liberally saturated<i> </i>with kerosene oil.</div>
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It is this that must end forever mobbing and lynchings; the lynchings and mobbing, parading as they do the most degrading and brutal passions of a people, engender a disregard for human life that will not stop to consider the color of the victim. The mobbing of Sam. hose was as much a crime as the murder of Crawford and the rape of his wife. In neither case should the culprit escape the fullest extent of the law.<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Then one of the members of the posse sprang forward and with a deft swing lopped off the Negro's right ear. Not a moan or the twitching of a muscle escaped the victim. Then another vicious slash brought off the other ear, and not a symptom of pain from Hose.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">A match was struck, and tossed blazing, on the Negro's oil-soaked shirt sleeve. A tiny flame ran up the Negro's arm, scorching the flesh, and causing him to grasp quickly at the blaze. This gave the mob a cue, and immediately the fingers of the Negro at the second joint, were hacked off with pocket knives. Through this torture Hose passed like a stoic, never groaning or b[e]traying the slightest sign of pain. When the shirt had been burned from his trunk, badly singing the breast of the Negro, a blazing match was applied to the wood. The ankles w[e]re burned away, and the flames greedily started up the leg, at the s[a]metime enwrapping the whole of the body. All this time Hose did not murmur. As the fire struck his wounds, however, and he was tormented beyond endurance; he wrenched fiercely with his mutilated hands and arms, at the same time almost dislocat[i]ng his neck. Under such violent strain the detaining rope and wire gave away, and the Negro, gasping and twitching, fell out of the fire on the ground.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">BODY KICKED BACK.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">The vast crowd let him r[e]main out of the r[a]nge of the blaze for a few moments. Then one of the party walked coolly up to the reclining figure, and, cursing, kicked the smoldering form back on the pile. As this act of brutality was proceeding Hose opened his lips and feebly said, "This is my last hour." These were the last words he uttered. As his body was cast </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">again </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">into the flames, the mob appeared to tire of the revolting spectacle, and began to wind the chain tight around the tree and the blazing logs. When the body had been secured, the spluttering white-hot timber was piled up high on it, and sickening odor of burning flesh came from the pile.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">The people moved b[a]ck, and as not a groan or murmur came from the blaze, the mob began to disperse, having as its destination the residence of Isaac Strickland, near Palmetto, the Negro preacher who, Hose asserted, gave him a$20 Confederate bill to murder Cranford, because the latter was supposed to have something to do with the shooting of the Negroes in the Palmetto warehouse.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Twenty minutes later a special train from Atlanta, bearing 2,400 people, reached Newman [sic], and the field was covered with morbid curiosity seekers. A few countrymen were still standing around the fire. The crowd made a dash for it, and, wrenching the logs right and left, extricated the charred remains of the mob's victim. Portions of the heart and liver were divided up through the crowd. The backbone and ribs went the same way, and the trees were levelled to the ground and split into kindling wood for souvenirs.</span><br />
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The last act int he drama of blood was the cruel, brutal hanging of Isaac Strickland, the preacher, supposed to be an accomplice of Hose. The mob promised Major Watson, Strickland's employer, that he would be delivered to the sheriff; he affirmed the innocence of Strickland and demanded his release. In return for this, Major Watson was ordered to leave the state or suffer the consequences of remaining and defending "niggers."<br />
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As a result of this awful crime, the white journalists of the South are advocating various methods of protecting the white women in sparsely settled districts. Ex-Governor North, editor of T<i>he Atlanta Constitution, </i>is advancing the idea of transforming the cabin of the "poor white trash" into miniature arsenals, and that the white women of the South should be trained in the use of firearms, thereby enabling them to protect themselves against the brutal assaults of "black beasts."<br />
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The Negro believes in the protection of female virtue; the mute testimony of over five million mulattoes condemns the chivalrous Southerner, who has <i>compelled Negro women to submit to his bestial desires. White women never have Negro children! </i>If we must protect the one, we ought by the same parity of reasoning protect the other. A very prominent white gentleman, discussing the recent action of the Georgia mob says: "The brutal action of the Georgia mob cannot be excused; the wretch, Hose, if guilty, would have received his just deserts before a court where all the machinery is in the hands of white men. This would at least have legalized the murder. And, again, the brutal, inhuman conduct of the mob is a very poor example to the ignorant Negroes who are supposed to draw inspiration for nobler lives from their environment. I do not believe this action will materially affect the collection for foreign missions in our churches next Sunday." This is a choice bit of irony pregnant with truth.<br />
<br />
The spirit of mob violence in the South creates a disregard for law and human life, and it fills the hearts of those who participate with immoral impulses that eventually overthrow the race. The white men of the South have made the Negro what he is; for over two centuries they have debased Negro manhood and womanhood; they bought and sold their own children and debauched their own daughters by Negro women! Is there any wonder that the Negro, in the face of such awful examples, is anything else than a rapist and a brute? The depravity of Southern white men has made him so.Yet, never do we hear of the highly respectable white ladies of the South being assaulted; their protector is their dignity of womanhood; they have no need of Winchesters and pistols; but the "Magdalenes" must be surrounded by country police.<br />
<br />
The Governor of Georgia is absolutely unfit to preside over the destinies of a dog kennel, much less to guide and direct a gang of incestuous social outlaws whose conception of law renders respectable the ignorant staggering of the South Sea Islanders. The creators and moulders of public sentiment of Georgia manifest a woeful ignorance of the past history of the people of their state or designingly shift the burden of their crimes upon the shoulders of Negroes whose manhood they helped to destroy.<br />
<br />
Ex Governor Atkinson's repentance is rather late to bear good fruit; during his administration as many Negroes were lynched and burned as ever and not a word of protest came from his lips. We have no faith in a man who demands justice in one voice and in another suggests the creation of a police system which would justify the murder of every Negro in Georgia.<br />
<br />
We desire to know that Ex-Governor Atkinson has sworn to complaints against the lynchers. This will be a proof of his sincerity; he is a reputable citizen and his statement should have weight in any court.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i>The Topeka Plaindealer dedicated the May 5, 1899 edition to the lynching of Sam Hose. On the front and second page, the paper included what was being written in, mainly, black papers about the lynching:</i></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>EDITORS WRITE.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>They Employ Strong Language Anent </b>[sic]<b> </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>the Recent Burning of Sam.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Hose Down in Georgia.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>How About the Beam?</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Iowa State Bystander.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The government and American Christians can talk about the inhuman treatment of Cuba by Spain, the horrors of the Russian serfs and peasants, the cannibals, head-hunters of Simona, and the shocking butchery of Americans; but what think you about the United States suffering her own citizens to be hung, butchered and the bodies burned, the crisping parts of the charred bodies cut into pieces and sold as souvenirs?</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
------------------------------</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>More Brutal Than Hose.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Indianapolis Freeman.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
As the white journals of the North unanimously agree, the mob was far more brutal than Hose, whose ignorance perhaps goaded him on to deeds of violence to an extent that his ignorance did not permit him to understand. The mob whose members pride themselves upon their proud Anglo-Saxon blood could have found it possible to have allowed the law to have taken its course, which, in the end, would have meant certain death.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>One Thing Needed.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The American Citizen.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The only thing needed to have placed this Georgia mob on a plane with the lowest order of savages was to have eaten their victim's flesh as they cut it off with their knives. Perhaps this will come next, for mob punishment is growing more and more diabolical in spite of the efforts made to check it. Such atrocities shame the nation and the race. No wonder that the civilization of the Old World meets with derision our boasts of refinement and established order.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Nineteenth Century Barbarians</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Indianapolis Recorder.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
What a picture for the close of the nineteenth century—a period that has marked such a rapid progress in the onward march to civilization! One-thousand men of a superior race dancing in fiendish glee around the body of a fellow-being roasted to a stake, scrambling like mad for bits of a charred remains to exhibit as relics of the ghastly scene, and the horrible mutilation of the body prior to the burning! What a record for a country that is engaged in a foreign war in the name of humanity!</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
-------------------------</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>The National Question.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Denver Statesman.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
But a lynching is not a question of individual responsibility. It might have been so once, but it is no longer so in America. It is the whole nation's concern. It is a malady permeating the air which the mothers of the nation breathe and its spirits is distilled into the natures of coming generations. No matter whether we laugh or moan, condemn or excuse, rage or reason, pity or play, a harvest of abomination must rise up out of the lawlessness and barbarism which this nation is sowing, and soon or late, God's justice will prevail, and lynching reap its own pestilential reward.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Miserable Excuse.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Indianapolis World.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
No one will suspect <i>The World</i> of condoning crime, by whomsoever committed. It favors the punishment of all criminals, regardless of race, color or station in life. But this question does not enter at all into the discussion of this Georgia case. If the victim was guilty of murder and rape, or either, as the mob alleges, let the fact be duly ascertained by fair investigation, and let the sentence of the law be carried out in its utmost severity. The miserable excuse always offered by mobs in extenuation of their atrocities, that the courts don't do their duty and let criminals escape, will not hold in this case at all. Everybody knows that the man was certain of speedy conviction and death at the hands of the Georgia court.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
---------------------------------</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Absolutely True.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Dallas Express.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Elsewhere in this issue of <i>The Express </i>we print two news items, under the respective captions: "Trouble at Palmetto," and "Race Trouble in South Carolina." The despatches were sent over the South in all the big white dailies. We print them that our readers might see what useless stuff great white newspapers carry to the world. We don't believe that anybody believes anything contained in despatches whatever. The Negro is not built that way. He is used to Southern outrage and he knows that insurrection and murdering white people by wholesale, are not the way to stop it. There are no Negroes in the South who think along the line of these despatches, and the white newspapers should know better than to print the trash.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The Negro wants to see the colored criminals, as other law-breakers, brought to justice. He knows that his security is in the enforcement of the law, and so knowing, he is waiting upon white men to enforce it. Let the officers of the law hunt down criminals, black and white,and when they shall have been placed in prison cells, let the mob disorganize and await the mandates of the court, and a better state of feeling will begin to exist, and wild, sensational stories of Negro uprising will cease.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
--------------------------------</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>An Absurd Idea.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Christian Recorder.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The idea of using the hobby of assault upon woman in connection with the mob reign of savagery in Georgia is a subterfuge that will not work with sober, sensible people. However else Sam. Hose may stand condemned, and self-condemned as a murderer, there was no evidence to fasten the fearful crime of outraging his victim's wife upon him. When he admitted his guilt of murder to the howling mob that sought his life he knew there was no hope left him. He, therefore, had nothing to gain by denying the charge of assault even if he had been guilty. Governor Atkinson contended for the innocence of the alleged murderer rapist, only to be pushed aside by the mob and his life threatened with a revolver. The ex-governor was brave in his declaration that he knew the men who led the mob and that he will testify against them. Let him prove his manliness by keeping his word after the air had been calmed. It is only through men of his type that any hope is to be indulged for the South.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
---------------------------</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Let Us Have the Law.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The St. Joseph Mirror.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
While companies of Negro soldiers are being formed to start for the Philippine islands to do battle in defense of the stars and stripes, within the shadow of that emblem, "The United States flag," from which they rightly expect protection, other Negro men, women and children are being mercilessly shot down, lynched or burned at the stake. Now we do not desire to appear in the light of justifying crime or lawlessness on the part of our race, but in the name of the God of high Heaven, try every man by the law of the land and if he deserves death, give it to him; if innocent, turn him loose; that is all we ask—is it too much?</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Ask the Lord.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Baptist College Journal.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
How this government can spend millions of dollars and sacrifice thousands of the lives of its most loyal citizens in chasing the Filipinos about the forests, and then rest at ease of peace and conscience when the lives of its own loyal citizens are being wafted away upon flames of fire, bowie knives and shotguns, is a mystery that cannot be intelligently solved when applied to a Christian nation.<br />
<br />
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<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Certainly.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Washington Colored American.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
Perhaps some member of the Georgia mob that burned Sam. Hose might be induced to accept an assignment to carry civilization and Christianity to the heathenish Filipinos.<b> </b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>----------------------------------</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">That's No Josh!</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></b>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Larned Chronoscope (white).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The North Carolina Legislature has amended the militia laws of the state so as to shut out colored men. Yet it was the bravery of the colored troops that made San Juan a victory instead of a disastrous defeat.<br />
<br />
--------------------------------<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Falling Away.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Western Enterprise.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The white people of Georgia are getting as far from civilization as possible. Their heathen actions at Newman [sic], not long ago, excel at the atrocious crimes ever committed by those cannibals against the Negro race.<br />
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------------------------------------<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Africa's Cannibals Respectable.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Omaha Progress.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
Africa's interior may have her savages and cannibals, but none of them can play even second fiddle to the American cannibals in the South, nor compete with them, either in point of ferocity or barbarous cruelty—they will kill their victims before cooking.<br />
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<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>No Excuses.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The McPherson Republican (white).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The Old Negro question is breaking out in the South in bad shape. Some states are trying to eliminate the colored vote entirely. In Georgia and Arkansas terrible lynchings have occurred.In some cases there was awful provocation, but these were followed up by a general raid on the colored people. This has neither palliation nor excuse.<br />
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------------------------------------<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>The Georgia Massacre.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Baltimore Republican-Guide.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The effect the horrible crime perpetrated recently in Georgia will have on the minds of civilized nations will be to destroy respect for a nation which claims to be the leading one in advancement along all lines of modern civilization. The mutilation of a live man and then burning him at a stake, distributing pieces of his flesh and bones at a competitive price to a crowd of murderers, will tell forever to the disgrace of the state of Georgia. Such crimes go far beyond the realm of so-called rowdyism. It was a horrible scene. it was a horrible massacre. The Apaches, the most savage tribe of Indians, would not be guilty of such an atrocity; it shows the brutality of the Southern white man's instinct. Hose was guilty of a brutal murder, and in the course of law, would have been justly killed; the effect thus produced would have done more to improve civil conditions. Lynchers are murderers, and the stain will follow on the lives of their children's children.<br />
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<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Negroes Have a Right to Protest.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Huron Herald (white).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The recent lynchings in Georgia have worked the people of the South into a frenzy. The Negroes feel that whatever the deeds committed may have been, the victims were entitled to a fair trial. The white people, on the other hand, are aroused to white heat in anger, and clamor for the summary execution of all Negro rapists by mob law. The excitement is running high and even the conservative citizens fear a race war. It is certain that the great majority of Negroes in the South are law-abiding citizens, upon whom foul criminals of their own color have brought a shadow. They have a right to protest, and the courts and power of the law should sustain them. The white people naturally feel bitter against the criminals who threaten the honor and the safety of their wives and daughters, but it is doubtful if mob law will help matters. One thing is certain. The decent Negroes in the South, and they are in the vast majority, should lend every assistance in their power to hunt down the guilty ones, and bring them to the speedy execution of justice. It should be known throughout the South that the ravisher of womanhood, black or white, can not expect anything else than the full penalty of the law, from the Negro as well as the white citizens.<br />
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<b><br /></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Burned at the Stake.</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></b>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The New York Age.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
We live in a Christian country and are governed by an elaborate and intricate mechanism of law, which Blackstone has defined to be "a rule of civil conduct, prescribed by the highest power in the state, permitting what is right and prohibiting what is wrong." We make loud proclamation to the world of our civic power and moral virtue, and we do it with such ostentation as to amount to offensiveness. If the outside world could be imposed upon by our loud mouthings we would be rated everywhere as a nation of saints instead of hypocrites, liars and murderers, such as we are.<br />
<br />
Palmetto, Ga., is a small hamlet, and yet it has produced enough crime and savagery in the past forty days to damn the whole republic in the full estimation of Christian mankind.<br />
<br />
The eight black men slaughtered there a few weeks ago for alleged incendiarism shocked the nation, but that vile crime, which Governor Candler excused, has been outdone by the mob in the mutilation and burning of one Samuel Hose, by 2,500 mad and brutal white men for the alleged crime of murder and assault.<br />
<br />
Talk about savagery! What shall we style this revolting crime against law and decency? Of course Governor Candler excused the lynchers and sought to throw the blame upon the black victim! But ex-Governor W. Y. Atkinson, who lives at Newnan, is built of other stuff. He drove to the scene and standing in his carriage pleaded to the mob to let the law take its course. Judge Freeman also did so. But their words were unheeded.<br />
<br />
What does the civilized world think of the savage white men of Georgia? How long will the civilized world suppress its wrath and indignation at the constant exhibitions of brutality and savagery on the part of Southern white men? Black men all over this country are beginning to question the power or willingness of the state or federal authorities to protect them in their just rights under the constitution.<br />
<br />
The situation is a critical one, and calls for wise deliberation on our part before deciding upon a course of advice or action.<br />
<br />
There is no reason on earth why Governor Candler should not stop talking and send state troops to the scene of anarchy to protect the helpless black victims from the savagery of white brutes, and we think the country will hold him responsible for not doing so.<br />
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---------------------------------<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Barbarism in Georgia.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Omaha Enterprise.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
Of all the hellish outrages perpetrated upon the Negro of the South, the recent burning and lynching at Newman [sic] and Palmetto, Georgia, stand unparalleled in the annals of crime. Other instances of the burning of human beings by senseless and blood-thirsty mobs of lawless white men, such as occurred in Texas some years ago, were merciful as compared with these of Georgia.<br />
<br />
The former were merciful in that the victims were put to death speedily. In the latter instance the inhuman treatment accorded the condemned wretches before applying the torch, was so revolting in its nature that even brutes must have sickened at the sight.<br />
<br />
We do not pretend to palliate the crimes of which Holt and Strickland were accused. If they were guilty they should have been punished with such punishment as civilized people mete out. The law of this land always deals summarily with Negro offenders and there has never yet been a case recorded where it was necessary to resort to lynch law to bring a Negro to justice.<br />
<br />
Admitting the guilt of Holt and Strickland, these crimes are nothing as compared with the brutality and barbarism inflicted upon them by the barbarians who put them to death. The consequences of the fiendish act of these Georgia outlaws will not alone attach to that state but to the whole country. And yet the federal government, through its attorney general, declares itself powerless to act in the situation. If the federal authorities cannot act, then, indeed, is the safety of the Southern Negro hopeless and the world may at any time expect to be shocked and horrified by frequent repetitions of the bloody deeds of white ruffians in the South.<br />
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---------------------------------<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Southern Chivalry.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Mail and Breeze (white).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The burning and torturing of a Negro murderer in Georgia recently and the hanging of another Negro against whom there was such flimsy evidence that it would not have been seriously considered by any respectable jury, was a crime as horrible as the crime with which the Negro, Sam. Holt, was charged.<br />
<br />
If Holt was guilty of murdering a man and then ravishing the man's wife while her husband lay weltering in his blood before her eyes, then the Negro was a fiend who deserved to die, but the manner of his killing was as fiendish as his crime. The killing of the Negro preacher, Strickland, by the mob was without the shadow of justification. All the evidence there was against Strickland was the statement of the Negro ravisher and murderer that Strickland had offered him $12 to kill Chanford [sic]. On this statement, made by the murderer when he was in the hands of a howling mob ready to tear him to pieces, and at a time when in his terror he would be likely to say anything that might throw the blame for the crime he had committed onto another man, the unfortunate Strickland was beaten and brutally hanged while he was protesting his innocence. For the purpose of making him confess, the mob twice strung Strickland up to a limb, but as soon as he was let down and was able to speak, he reiterated his assertion that he was innocent. Then the mob, composed, we suppose, of Southern chivalry, concluded that they couldn't get anything out of the — nigger and hung him anyway.<br />
<br />
The act of the mob is defended and excused by the leading Democratic paper of Georgia and an interview with the Democratic governor of the state is given in <i>The Atlanta Constitution</i>, in which no criticism worth speaking of is made in regard to the mob, who hung one man without evidence of guilt and burned another at the stake and then carried his charred bones away as souvenirs of the entertainment. The Georgia governor, as we say, seems to have little fault to find with the mob, but he is severe in his criticism of Negroes who complain because members of their race are taken up on suspicion and burned at the stake.<br />
<br />
Conditions in Georgia and all the other Southern states are tough on the colored race and the worst of it is that just now we don't see that the colored race have any particular recourse on their oppressors. The South is dominated by the children of men who held the black race in bondage for centuries. They are thoroughly imbued with the determination that law or no law, they will hold the black race in virtual bondage still. The make the Negro work for next to nothing. They forbid him to ride in cars with whites or eat in the same dining rooms, no matter how well educated, clean and refined the Negro may be. They deprive him of his political and civil rights. They hang him and burn him on suspicion, not so much as a punishment for the crimes he may be charged with as because he is a nigger and they want other niggers to keep their places.<br />
<br />
The conditions are tough for the Negro in the South and there is mighty little prospect for their getting better.<br />
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<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Gushing.</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Washington Bee.</span><br />
<br />
The gushing Southern governors who are struggling to explain the horrible cannibalism displayed in the Southern states seem to have no compunctions in their attempts to mislead Northern people as to the real cause of the lawlessness and bloodthirstiness perpetrated against the blacks. It is stated by them that politics is at the bottom of it all. Such a statement, coming from a governor of a state, shows how thoroughly and completely the South is dominated by the spirit of hate, audacity and anarchy. In Georgia, where the recent horrible atrocities were committed, the masses of colored people are practically disenfranchised. They hold few if any political offices of importance worth mentioning and manifest no interest in politics. The election returns show that thousands of colored voters do not even go to the polls. The system of espionage has been so severe and widespread that colored people have thought it unprofitable to pay attention to politics. It is because of the absence of politics among colored people in Georgia that the whites have become emboldened to commit so many deeds of lawlessness and crime. The fact is that in the South where the colored people are allowed to vote, there are no alleged outrages such as we hear of from states where political rights are denied. The fact is that the poor whites are brutes and totally unfitted for citizenship and hence they satisfy their brutal tendencies by maltreating the colored people. The little game of associating outrage with every other crime committed by colored people is entirely too transparent to successfully hoodwink the good people of the North. The Northern people are conservative, but they are not fools and will be neither parties to nor sympathizers with murderers and moral lepers.<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Inhuman Wretches.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Colorado Springs Sun.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
The inhuman, bloody and cowardly crimes committed in the South by Southern white men surpass in atrocity and cruelty the most dastardly acts of cannibals and uncivilized men of any clime. The perpetrators have proven by their acts that they are utterly devoid of every human instinct—no honor, no justice, no sense of right and fairness, insensible to shame, disgrace and remorse. The teaching of morality and religion is a mere jest to them. Race hatred and prejudice saturate their homes, schools and churches, control their actions and the source of their darkest and deepest satanic aspirations. The flimsy excuse for these diabolical crimes (where they imagine that such an excuse is necessary) is that they must protect their women. A man or a community is thrice a liar, a coward and a bully, who will commit such crimes, and then seek shelter behind a woman's skirts. This is a clever ruse to avoid the effects of a powerful and outraged public sentiment. We know little or nothing of the condition of the Negro in the South; We know not whether he is intelligent or ignorant. We do know that he exists there in great numbers, and we know, further, that if we were similarly p;laced,crime should follow crime, depraved cunning should be answered with depraved cunning. If they killed, we should burn; if they tortured, we would devise some instrument of the weak to answer them. We would fight, and fight and die, and in dying give evidence of our manhood and retain the respect of posterity.<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>What Must It Think?</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Omaha World-Herald (white).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
What must the world think of us who claim to be carrying the light of Christian civilization to the Phillipines while at the same time we burn men at the stake and carry fingers and toes and ears in our pockets as souvenirs of our brutality? What have we to do with the frost on our neighbor's tiles when the rubbish is piled mountain high before our own door?<br />
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The Newman [sic] horror is notice to us that it is high time to put a plug in the national switchboard and send the currents of destiny throbbing through our own body politic; it is notice to us to civilize ourselves before claiming the right to shoot civilization into those who live 7,000 miles from our shores.<br />
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There can be no possible excuse for the brutal lynching of Hose. Sentiment and pathos may be wrong and harped upon, but no excuses can be found for the horrible tortures of the brute who murdered an inoffensive man and outraged the wife in the blood of her murdered husband. The law had provided a punishment for crimes such as his, and it is not for men wrought to bloodthirsty frenzy to take the law into their own hands. Hose deserved death a thousand times over for his awful crime, but this even is no excuse for his lynching.<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>A Disgrace to the South.</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">From The Huntsville Journal.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
Sunday at mob at Newman, [sic] Ga., took one Sam. Hose, colored, who was charged with rape and murder, and after cutting off his ears and fingers, poured oil on him and burned alive. The despatches say that the mad crown fought for pieces of his flesh, some paying 10 cents for a piece of his half cooked liver. It is said that Hose confessed to the killing and said that a preacher named Lije Strickland paid him $12 to commit the deed. So Strickland was taken to the woods Sunday night, and after being terribly mutilated, hanged to a tree. If it is true that Hose committed the crime charged to him he deserved death, but not by a mob, nor should the white citizens of Georgia who claim to be civilized, have been allowed to vent their hatred in such a savage way, but the worst of it is that the governor tries to palliate the offense by saying that politics is the cause. We have no apology to offer for those who commit crime, whether they be white or black, but we condemn in the strongest manner that we know how, the mobbing of a man for any cause. What are our laws if they can't handle such cases? The Georgians have gone farther than the Texans did some years ago. We advise our people to keep cool and live pure lives and as sure as there is a God, He will hold these vile murderers to account. "Vengeance is mine and I will repay, saith the Lord."<br />
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<i>Continuing with The Topeka Plaindealer (Topeka, Kansas) dated May 19, 1899 we read the reactions of Southern papers to their original article about the lynching:</i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>THE OTHER SIDE</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Of the Late Georgia Unpleasantness Is "Explained" by One Man and Several Jackasses.</b></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">A Letter from a New Yorker.</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">To The Plaindealer, Topeka, Kansas.</span></b></div>
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Marietta, Ga., April 30.—Gentlemen: I read your text, "It Is Hell!" etc., etc., on which I have to offer: <i>The citizen or the community</i> who or which would not in manner fully as cruel, as severe, avenge like offense is or would be unworthy to be classified "civilized" or unworthy the <i>name of a citizen of the United States,</i> nor would it matter if the offender were <i>black or white</i>, if the same outrage were perpetrated in Maine or in Texas, in Kansas or in "Barbarous Georgia" (your designation). <i>Observe fact of his offenses: </i>He, Sam. Holt [sic], <i>crept barefooted </i>behind his employer and benefactor, Mr. Cranford, with axe in hand, brained his victim seated at supper table, surrounded by wife and four children, eldest less than seven years of age, youngest an infant at breast, little more than six months of age, and, with the instincts of his <i>brutish nature, </i>struck the child of three to four years, knocking it across the room; with uplifted axe he approached the defenseless woman, Mrs. Cranford, snatched the suckling infant from her breast, and threw it as if it were a bundle of rags across the room, there stripping her person of <i>every thread of wearing apparel, </i>holding her thus a prisoner <i>three hours, </i>during which time he twice more repeated the crime of rape, inflicting upon her some other <i>nameless indignities for his sole amusement and delectation! </i>besides lacerating the person by vicious bites thereof!</div>
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To make the crime all more horrible, the <i>brute</i>, Sam. Hose, was poisoned with — in its most aggravated form, for which loathsome disease Mr. Cranford was having him treated by <i>competent and reputable physicians!</i></div>
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Once again, I say, <i>no punishment, no torture</i> could be inflicted to atone for the enormity of Hose's offense, nor would the person or people who would not deal with <i>equal severity </i>on such offenders be entitled to be called citizens of a civilized community!</div>
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I am a native of the state of New York, but would wreak similar offenses on whomsoever or wheresoever such might be perpetrated.</div>
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Emphatically yours,</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">WELLS B. WHITMORE,</span></div>
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Box 42, Marietta, Ga.</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>An Indorsment. </b>[sic]</span></div>
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<i>The Clinch County News, </i>from, Homerville, Ga., comes with the following indorsement of THE PLAINDEALER: "THE PLAINDEALER, published at Topeka, Kansas, has found its way to our sanctum and we find it unworthy of entering a decent man's door. By right's, in our opinion, it should be excluded from the mail. Such publications and such men as its editors will undoubtedly bring about more lynching than otherwise would be. The Negro is an inferior race and always will be, and when a white man tries to put him upon a parity with the whites, this man is lower than the Negro."</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>A Bouquet.</b></span></div>
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The editor of the Rome, (Ga.) <i>Commercial Argus</i> flings this bouquet at our feet, or head: "THE PLAINDEALER, a Negro paper published at Topeka, Kansas, is red-hot on the Sam. Holt [sic] lynching. If the black rascal who edits this sheet were to venture down this way, he might be treated to a dose himself."</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>A Cowardly White Editor.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
The editor of a white exchange at Lambert (Ga.) returns our paper with the following very complimentary remarks: "If the editor will come to Georgia, and will let the people know who he is, he will not write any such articles again! <i>See! </i>The editor is a d— s— of a b—".<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>An Invitation.</b></span><br />
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<i>The Colquit </i>(Ga.) <i>Courier </i>sends us the following warm invitation which we decline for the reason that the Kansas climate is very agreeable:<br />
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"We have received a copy of THE PLAINDEALER, printed at Topeka, Kansas, in which the editor has a great deal to say about the lynching of Sam. Hose, and condemns the people of Georgia in a very vigorous way. The editor, we suppose, is a Negro, because we do not believe any living white man could crowd as many bare-faced lies into the same space as THE PLAINDEALER man has. We are certain Ananias could not hold a light for the Kansas editor to lie by.<br />
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"We will say this much for THE PLAINDEALER man, be he white skinned or be he black skinned, if he will come to Georgia and commit the same crime Sam. Hose did, we will guarantee he will receive the same reward Hose did, and will say this further, if he will bring a copy of his filthy, lying sheet with him and read and indorse it, we will guarantee him at least 200 stripes with a buggy trace well put on by willing hands and as a premium he will get a new suit of tar and feathers with probably a match stuck to it. So we advise said editor to go North or East when he wants an outing, never come to Georgia.<br />
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"We have scanned the columns of said paper closely but find not one word spoken about the lynching of a Negro by Negroes in his own state for simply killing a woman of his own color. Why is it that it is so fiendish in Georgia to kill a brute who would steal silently into a man's house, kill the husband and assault the wife, while it is not considered worth mentioning that a mob of Kansas Negroes did overpower the sheriff, let themselves into the jail and kill a man who had only been guilty of taking the life of a woman his own color?<br />
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"Stay away from Georgia is our advice."<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Nuts to Crack.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
Many schemes have been discussed to solve the Negro question by colonizing them in Africa and elsewhere, but perhaps the most sensible would be to equally distribute them over the United States, provided a cordon of troops be sent along with them should they happen to seek work in Illinois or to settle in many counties North and West where they will not permit a Negro to live. The papers North go into a fever of excitement over recent happenings in the South, but they are dumb as oysters over the manner in which the Alabama and Mississippi Negroes were murdered under order of the governor of Illinois for no other reason than they sought honest labor in the mines of that state; how Negroes were lynched in Chicago during the great fire for pilfering; how they were lynched in the streets of New York at the outbreak of the Civil War for no other reason than they were in part the innocent cause of that war, and numerous lynchings in the North and West for the crimes of murder and theft. "Consistency, thou art a jewel" never enters the mind of the Pharisees in the North.<br />
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[The Marion (Ga.) <i>Patriot</i> gives the above nuts to the white papers of the North to crack. Here's your chance, boys!]<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>An Idea of Hell.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /></b></span>
Col. Ingersoll's theories of hell may be realized should he go South and hear what comforting words <i>The People's Advocate </i>of Carrollton, Ga., has to say:<br />
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"The American infidel, Bob Ingersoll, has fired off his bazoo in regard to the burning of Sam. Holt [sic] at Newnan. Bob is talking through a large but invisible hat when he refers tot he Southern people as savages. Robert, suppose you come South for your health? The 'savages' here in the South could make a luscious meal of your old infidel carcass, and we will guarantee that there will not be enough left to send to your 'Yankee disciples.'"<br />
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<b>REASON FOR IT.</b><br />
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During the past few days, since the burning of Sam. Hose, we have been in receipt of a large number of Southern newspapers, and, also, letters containing bitter reflections on the management of this paper, promising us "a warm time" should we venture to accept the <i>very cordial</i> invitations to enjoy Southern hospitality.<br />
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<i>I have chosen to end with an article not from a "Negro" paper, but I felt it was well placed in this post than another. The article comes to us from </i><i>Buffalo Evening News (Buffalo, N. Y.) dated June 12, 1899:</i></div>
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<b>The Other Side of the Negro Question</b></div>
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<i>Editor Evening News:</i></div>
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I am so glad to learn from last night's NEWS that the case of Sam Hose is being investigated. I have worked among the colored people of the Black Belt for the last two years, and the story of Sam Hose as first published seemed very improbable to me, knowing the colored people as well as I do. The story as told in the NEWS of yesterday seems more like the truth, as many of the white people of the South think no more of shooting a "nigger" than a man in the North does of shooting a dog, and I have always felt a gross injustice was perpetrated in the case of Sam Hose and the colored ministers. It is time the people of the North took this business in hand. We have more important work in the "Black Belt" than in the Phillipines.</div>
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One important feature of the negro question I have never known spoken of by the papers is the question of the white men of the South and the colored girls. As far as my observations go, the men of the South look upon the colored girls as their prey, and the fathers and brothers are unable to protect them.</div>
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The colored people of the South live in constant fear of being shot by the white men, and if a colored man does a wrong they are likely to shoot not only the man who committed the wrong, but any other men who may have been seen in the company of any near relative, so none of them feel safe, and the average negro of the black belt feels it would be very unsafe for him to come North, where there are so many white men. As one man expressed it: "So many white men North I'd be a dead nigger, sure."</div>
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The colored people of the South, as I know them, make peaceable, good citizens, and although treated with great injustice in most cases, they submit, but they know right from wrong and have kind hearts and love of home and family the same as white men, and may not the treatment the colored girls received from the white men throw some light on the negro question? I think the white women of the South would be safer if they helped protect the colored girls from the white men.</div>
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This is from a worker among the colored people.</div>
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L. B.</div>
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Buffalo, Jan. [sic] 9, 1899.<br />
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<i>I hope you found this post interesting and not too long. I have chosen to write "Negro" for the papers because that is what they were called at the time. I also plan one more post about this lynching. It will cover what a private detective learned afterwards.</i></div>
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<i>As always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder. </i></div>
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Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com2Newnan, GA, USA33.3806716 -84.79965729999997833.2745941 -84.961018799999977 33.4867491 -84.63829579999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-62120494979057305662018-05-30T20:39:00.002-05:002018-08-25T14:56:00.184-05:00December 24, 1871: George Duncan<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Today's lynching is very short as every article I could find on this lynching shared the same information. Our paper today is the Pittsburgh Daily Commercial (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) dated December 30, 1871:</i><br />
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<b>Homicide and Lynching in Kentucky</b><br />
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CINCINNATI, O., December 29.—Last Friday evening, says a correspondent of the <i>Times and Chronicle</i>, a man named Browning, accompanied by others, went to the house of George Duncan, a colored man, in Braxton county, Kentucky, to whip the latter, or eject him from the house. Duncan showed fight, and on the door being broken down by his assailants he fired into the crowd, killing Browning. Duncan was captured and taken to the Brookville jail in his shirt and drawers. Sunday night at nine o'clock fifty-two disguised armed men took him from the jail and started in the direction of Powersville. Duncan made an effort to escape, but was recovered and finally hung to a tree a mile and a half from Brookville. There was great excitement in the place on Monday, and it was not easy to procure information.<br />
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<i>A quick note: the Brookville mentioned is actually Brooksville, Kentucky which is in Bracken County. Some papers did have it listed as Bracken, some as Braxton. One Indiana paper, in a piece on lynching in Indiana, stated that the Brookville lynching was only an attempt but I could find no other papers to support that claim. Also Brookville is very clearly in Kentucky, on the Ohio side at that, and not in Indiana so I suspect the editor was mistaken. </i><br />
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<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-66189484941319085172018-05-26T22:51:00.002-05:002018-08-25T14:56:15.868-05:00June 4, 1871: George Sharkovich (Austrian George) <div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Today's lynching will point out just how easy it is for contemporary newspapers to mix up their information. Just a warning folks, this post is a bit long and slightly repetitive. Feel free to skim a little through the accounts. Now that you've had your warning I'd like to introduce you to the case of George Sharkovich (Austrian George, Australian George, Portuguese Joe.) George Sharkovich (Austrian or Slavic?) murdered a young woman known as Miss McDaniel's. After a day or two of running, he was found, shot by a group of men, and then burned by a mob in the remains of his cabin, which the mob tore down. I was only able to find two papers which mentioned his actual name, the San Francisco Chronicle and the Feather River Bulletin. Both papers are from California, where the murder occurred and most likely are the most accurate. Unfortunately I was not able to get a hold of the Butte Record, the paper of the county where the lynching took place. You may notice if you read through these accounts that the papers manage to mix up the lynched man's name, the murdered girl's name, the method of murder, the place it occurred, and the ethnicity of Mr. Sharkovich. Just a note, at the time that this lynching occurred, a gang was captured in which a member known as Portuguese Joe escaped. I have not included this article because it does not directly relate to the lynching, but the Portuguese Joe alias most likely comes from a misunderstanding along the wire. Our first paper is the Feather River Bulletin (Quincy, California) dated June 10, 1871. Although the Feather River Bulletin is not the earliest paper, I am putting it first because it claims that it got it's account from the Butte Record.</i><br />
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<b>A Fiendish Murder.</b><br />
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It is but seldom indeed that the feeling of an entire community have been so shocked and their indignation aroused as they have been by the recent awful tragedy at Cherokee, in Butte county—a most beautiful, accomplished and amiable young lady, just on the verge of womanhood, all life, joy and innocence,—murdered—stabbed to the very heart by a fiend in human form, while in the company of her friends! The following account of the murder we take from the <i>Butte Record</i> or Saturday last:<br />
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"At about 2 o'clock on the morning of the 1st instant, Miss Susan McDanel, step-daughter of the late Thomas McDanel Esq, of Cherokee, was passing from the hall, where there had just been a dance, to the residence of Justice Glass, in company with Miss Maria Glass and Doctor Sawyer. Immediately in front of them were Mrs. Davis and family, and others standing around the hall and in sight. The three had reached within about ten feet of the gate that led to the residence of Justice Glass, when, hearing some one approach, Miss McDanel turned and remarked to Miss Glass, that her father was coming. Miss Glass turned and looked, and told her that it was not. A moment after, a miscreant by the name of George Sharkovich, an Austrian, rapidly approached the three, and seizing Miss McDanel by the hair, drew her head suddenly back, and thrusting the knife down into her neck until it reached her heart, withdrew the relentless weapon and fled. The blow caused Miss McDanel to swerve from her course, and running some ten or twelve feet in the direction the fiend had taken, she fell to the ground a corpse, without a word or sigh. The cry of "murder" from Miss Glass was heard, and that was all. Dr. Sawyer rushed after the villain, but finding he could not overtake, discharged his derringer after him, apparently without effect, and then returned to where Miss McDanel had fallen. Alas! she was beyond medical aid. Her pure spirit had fled! and she, who but a moment before was all innocence, joy and life, was stricken down forever! Was ever murder so foul?<br />
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"A few steps carried the flying murderer to the chaparral, and immediate pursuit in the darkness was vain. The excitement spread over town. A meeting was held at the Cherokee Hotel, for organized action, in searching for the fugitive murderer, and a reward of five thousand dollars was offered for his apprehension. The hut for the red-handed murderer began on the early morning. Indians were placed on his trail while others were dispatched to the hills in every direction. men organized into bands, and started out on a systematic search. A courier was dispatched to Oroville early in the morning for Sheriff Miller, and the authorities were soon on the alert."<br />
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Every road, trail, stream, bridge and ferry within twenty or thirty miles was vigilantly guarded by faithful sentinels, and the search continued until Sunday nigh last, when the fiend was captured. About 10 o'clock on that night, the murderer, while passing the bridge at Bidwell Bar, was confronted by Justice McBride, who escorted him to the toll-house, where, with the assistance of Mr. Ketchum, he was disarmed of his Henry rifle, the two gentlemen then took him to the house of Mr. J. S. Bendle. Here he was ordered to deliver up his knife, which he did. His revolver was next demanded. While pretending to comply, he suddenly placed the pistol to his head and pulled the trigger, but catching in his shirt, it missed fire. Bendle caught the weapon from him, when he broke away and ran for his life. Bendle fired, hitting him three times—twice in the back, and the last shot through the head, killing him instantly. His body was conveyed to Oroville, and from thence to his cabin at Cherokee Flat, the scene of the murder. A large crowd assembled to receive the body. Upon its arrival they became greatly excited. Sheriff Miller addressed them, advising moderation. A proposition was made to burn the body. All agreeing, the cabin was torn down, a large pile made of it in the open field, the body placed upon it, a can of oil thrown over the whole and the pyre set on fire; and, amid the shouting and rejoicing of the people, the body of George Sharkovich, the murderer, was reduced to ashes!</div>
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Although neither Miss McDanel nor her friends had ever permitted or tolerated the advances of the murderer, he seems to have entertained a most absurd and violent passion for her, and had frequently declared that she should marry him or no one. This appears to have been the sole reason from the commission of one of the most atrocious and diabolical murders, under the circumstances, which the annals of crime can show. And if, in the disposition of the miscreant's body, something akin to barbarism was evinced, it is not to be wondered at when one takes into consideration the tremendous excitement caused by the butchery of one who was endeared to the entire community by her purity, beauty, and worth.<br />
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There is a painful rumor afloat that Miss Glass, the bosom friend of poor murdered Susie, and one of the most respectable and worthy young ladies of Butte, was so perfectly horrified by the tragical even—sprinkled as she was by the life-blood of her dearest firend—that she has become bereft of reason, or at least that her reason is tottering on its throne. Should this prove to be the fact, it will be an event no less to be deplored than the fate of her who sleeps in her bloody shroud.</div>
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<i>Our next paper is The San Francisco Chronicle (San Francisco, California) dated June 7, 1871. The Chronicle discusses the background of George Sharkovich before going into detail into the murder and lynching. I have left off the part about the murder and lynching because it is what most papers published.</i></div>
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<b>The Slavonian Assassin.</b></div>
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<b>"Austrian George" the Brutal Murderer of Miss McDaniels</b></div>
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<b>His True Name, Place of Birth and Breeding—In the Murder He Carries OUt the Slavonian Law of Chivalry.</b></div>
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We have taken special pains to discover the true name, birth and breeding of the assassin known as "Austrian George," who so cruelly murdered Miss Susan McDaniels at Cherokee Flat on the 2d inst., and learn the following interesting particulars: The true name of the assassin was George Sharksovich (the literal translation of which means "son of a shark.") He was not an Austrian by birth, as was supposed, but a genuine Slavonian, having been born near Buka de Katarrah, Province of Dalmatia, one of the so called States of the now defunct Servian or Slavonian nation, a nation at present divided into three conquered provinces, governed respectively by Russia, Turkey and Austria. The assassin was a native of the portion under the rule of the latter county, and hence the nickname "Austrian George." He was 35 years of age, unmarried and of a coarse, brutal nature.<br />
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IN THE MURDER HE CARRIES OUT THE SLAVONIAN LAW OF CHIVALRY.<br />
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Is is a social law among the Slavonians that when a young man falls in love with a girl he may resort to any lawful or unlawful means to obtain her in marriage, whether she is willing or not, now matter what may be the difference between them in social position, education or surroundings. The lover may be a ruffian, robber or bandit, but, having once determined that a certain woman must marry him, he will have her, or, according to a proverb amongst them,<br />
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"SHE MUST BE A WIFE OR A CARCASS."<br />
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In love affairs of this kind the lover, when refused and jilted, watches a favorable opportunity to steal the unwilling maiden and carry her off to some local fortress, where he defends her with his life. The friends or relatives of the abducted woman follow in the chase, and bloody encounters ensue. If the abductor slays those pursuing him, the woman is his, and his bloody deeds are proclaimed throughout the land as being the very essence of chivalry. He is in fact, lionized, and becomes at once a prominent and petted member of society. If he is slain, it is believed that<br />
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HE DIES IN A HOLY CAUSE,<br />
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And that his death is worthy of emulation. The capture, abduction and brutal treatment of young Slavonian women, who seek to have a mind of their own in affairs of the heart, has been carried on to such an extent that the Russian, Turkish and Austrian governments have enacted severe penalties for the purpose of putting down the barbarity. In Turkey the abductors are hanged to lamp-posts and suffer other odious treatment.<br />
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THE CLASS OF WHOM THE ASSASSIN WAS ONE.<br />
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A very large element of the Slavonians are a rough, unlettered, vagrant rabble, given to drunkenness, gambling, licentiousness, robbery and murder. Bands of them, outlaws in every respect, roam through the gorges and fastnesses of montenegro (Black Mountain). in European Turkey, where they live by plunder, robbery, and assassination. Whenever they attempt to live civilized, they usually engage in keeping gambling resorts, whisky shops and houses of ill-repute. The savage murderer of Miss McDaniel would have been a ferocious bandit in his native mountains, but hereafter he will be ignominiously known as the "brutal assassin of Cherokee Flat."</div>
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<i>It is in the papers outside of California that we start seeing a definite distortion of information. Our next paper is The Cincinnati Enquirer (Cincinnati, Ohio) dated June 16, 1871:</i></div>
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<b>The Cherokee Horror.</b></div>
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<b> The Murderer Killed and His Body Burned in the Ruins of His Cabin.</b></div>
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The annexed account of a horrible sequel to a more horrible crime, is a from a dispatch, appearing in the Marysville (California) <i>Appeal</i> of June 6th. While a sympathizing people could feel that no punishment would be too severe for the inhuman monster, they were scarce prepared to counsel the treatment accorded the dead murderer; and yet it must be attributed to the rage and anger of a community that had lost, in so tragic a manner, one of its most loved members:.<br />
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OROVILLE, June 5th.<br />
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Yesterday afternoon at six o'clock the party engaged in hunting Austrian George arrived in town reporting that he had escaped from Bloomer Hill. All were at fault, and greater vigilance became necessary lest he should cross the river and find a hiding place in town. All the ferries, bridges and small boats were watched and every precaution taken to arrest him, should he attempt crossing. About ten P. M. two men watching heard a man crossing the Bidwell Bar Bridge which spans Feather River, nine miles above here. He was commanded to halt and proved to be the murderer. Surrendering his rifle, he was marched to the house of A. J. Bendle, to be bound. Arriving at the house he gave up his knife, but as they were about binding him he drew a revolver, placed it to his head and pulled the trigger, but the pistol catching in his shirt it missed fire. Mr. Bendle wrenched the weapon from him, when he broke away and ran for his life. Mr. Bendle fired at him with the revolver, hitting him three times; twice in the back, and the last went through his head, killing him instantly. His body was carried to Oroville, and from there to his cabin at Cherokee Flat. At the scene of the murder a large crowd had assembled to receive his body. Upon its arrival they became greatly excited. Sheriff Miller addressed them, advising moderation. The statements of Bendle and McBride, who had arrested him, were then given. A proposition was made to burn the body. All agreeing, the cabin was torn down, a large pile made of it in an open field, upon which his body was placed, standing, upon it. A can of oil was thrown over the whole and the pyre set on fire, and amid the shouting and rejoicing of the excited people it was consumed by flames. Eye-witnesses describe the scene of the burning as frightful in the extreme. Had he been captured alive his punishment would have been death by fire.</div>
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<b>The Horrible Murder of a Young Lady in California.</b></div>
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The Marysville (Cal.) <i>Appeal</i> gives the following brief account of the cold-blooded and atrocious murder of Miss Lizzie McDaniels, a young lady, by a rejected lover, who, as the telegrams have reported, was afterward hunted down and shot by the enraged people:<br />
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"The deceased, Miss Lizzie McDaniels, was accompanied by a Mr. Wells and a lady. It appears that the murderer, called by some an Italian, by others 'Portuguese Joe,' had been paying his attentions to the young lady for two years past, though she tried to discourage his suit. He had told her he would kill her if she did not consent to marry him, but it seems that she regarded his threats rather lightly.</div>
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"From all we can learn regarding this unfortunate affair, this man, 'Portuguese Joe,' as we will call him, came up behind the ladies and their escort, seized Miss MecDaniels by her head, and bending it backward, plunged a knife in her throat and drew it downward, inflicting a horrible wound, laying the throat open the whole length, and even cutting her bosom.<br />
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"The attack was so sudden, so unexpected, that her escort, Mr. Wells, was taken completely by surprise, and knew no what was transpiring until the life blood of the victim showed him the horrid nature of the assault. As the murderer released his hold on the victim, Wells shot at, but missed him, and before he could fire again the villain turned a corner and escaped. Such, in brief, is a condensed account of the affair, taken from the many rumors flying about.<br />
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"Miss McDaniels was about eighteen years of age, an estimable lady and a general favorite. In one dispatch her name is given as Susie, in another as Lizzie. Her mother is on a visit to New York, and the melancholy news will fall doubly severe on her, who left her daughter in the full vigor of youth. The community has been thrown into a terrible state of excitement by this act, and have united in hunting down the wretch. Parties are scouring the surrounding county, and it seems impossible for him to escape. If taken it is probably that the courts will not be troubled with a trial. Judge Lynch will preside, and a stout rope and a short shrift will be given to the murderer of Miss McDaniels, a young and lovely woman, with all the glories of her life opening before her, stricken down by the hand of one who professed unbounded love for her and would have made her his wife."</div>
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<i>The Cincinnati Enquirer is not the only paper to call Miss McDaniel Lizzie instead of Susan or Susie. Much more than names were confused in this lynching. If you believe the information in the New Orleans Republican (New Orleans, Louisiana) dated June 6, 1871 then the associated press had all of their facts wrong:</i></div>
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An American press association dispatch reads thus:<br />
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SAN FRANCISCO, JUNE 2.—A terrible tragedy was enacted here at an early hour yesterday morning in Kent county. It appears that a number of ladies and gentlemen were returning from a party to which they had been the night previous, and while walking along the road an Italian knowu[SIC] as "Austrian George" suddenly sprung into the road, and seizing a young girl named Lizzie McDaniel, drew a knife and cut her throat from ear to ear. Her death was instantaneous. She was eighteen years of age. The murderer had been her lover for the last four years and was incited to the commission of the deed by jealousy.</div>
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<i>Our next paper is from the Evening Star (Washington, District of Columbia) dated June 17, 1871:</i></div>
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<b>CALIFORNIA VENGEANCE ON A MURDERER</b>
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If the murder of Miss Susan McDaniel, at Cherokee Flat, Cal., by "Austrian George," alias "Portuguese Joe," because she would not marry him, was horrible—it will be remembered he came up behind her as she was going away from a ball with friends at 3 o'clock in the morning, seized her by the head, pulled it back, and plunged a knife in her bosom, ripping it open down to her heart—the vengeance of the excited neighbors was still more shocking. After a day or two's pursuit, he was come up with, and attempting to flee, his pursuers shot him dead. His body was then taken to his cabin, and the crown assembled declared it should be burned; whereupon, they tore the cabin down, made a funeral pyre of it, fastened the body standing in he[sic] center, poured petroleum over the whole, and then set fire to it. And so, with a shouting, rejoicing throng around, the murderer and his home were together reduced to ashes. Eye witnesses describe the scene of the burning as frightful in the extreme. Had he been captured alive his punishment would have been death by fire.</div>
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<i> In our next article from The Valley Virginian (Staunton, Virginia) published June 15, 1871 you will see that the details of Miss McDaniel's death have changed and that George's name has changed as well:</i></div>
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A few days ago, a Miss McDaniels, in Cal. while passing along a road, was sprung upon by a concealed fiend, and her throat cut from ear to ear. She had refused the suit of a man known as Australian George, or Portuguese[sic] Joe, and it being satisfactorily established that he committed the deed, he was hauled out of his hiding place in the mountains, near Cherokee, by the infuriated citizens, and shot on Monday last, and his body burned to ashes.</div>
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<i> In our final article from The Selinsgrove Times-Tribune (Selingsgrove, Pennsylvania) published June 30, 1871 you will see that the murder and lynching are now supposedly in Colorado:</i></div>
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At Cherokee Flat, Colorado, as a party was returning on foot from a ball, a man known as "Australian George," sprang out of a place of concealment, seized Miss Susie McDaniel, cut her throat, stabbed her to the heart, and then made his escape. The citizens are in pursuit, and will hang the murderer as soon as he is caught.</div>
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<i>I wanted to include every single article with errors but thought that might be a bit excessive. A few more errors appeared in The Perry County Democrat (June 7, 1871) which reported that the murder occurred in Hunt County and called the murder victim Lizzie M'Daniels and The Weekly Oregon Statesman (June 7, 1871) thought that Miss Susie McDonald was murdered and reported that she died in the arms of her friend Miss Glass. It was very easy for papers to misunderstand information that came to them over the telegraph wires. If you've ever played a game of telephone as a kid, getting news over telegraph wires typically ended up in the same way. Although this case is perhaps the worst I have ever seen for misinformation. This is why it's important to always check your sources' sources (when possible.) When I originally found information on this lynching I had the name Australian George, which led me to Portuguese Joe, then to Austrian George and finally to George Sharkovich. It's hard to know if this is even a lynching, some accounts claim he was shot by the mob, some by a single person. Either way a mob burned his body and the fact that they chose to stand it up, something almost all papers report, is odd. We leave that for you to decide yourselves. If anyone happens to have the original article from the Butte Record, please share it with us in the comments and we'll gladly edit the post to fit it in. </i><br />
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<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Cherokee Flat, California, USA38.9551763 -120.9321618999999812.776666799999997 -162.24075589999998 65.1336858 -79.623567899999983tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-62775931071042400932018-05-13T21:41:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:56:27.802-05:00August 13,1871: Unnamed<div style="text-align: center;">
<i> Hello, everyone. A has found that the Sam Hose lynching has several layers that she wants to display in detail. But, since Sam Hose makes our 1000th person lynched and there are more victims coming to light every time we search for information on the ones we are currently covering, it is important to cover those other victims of lynching. I will be posting on several of the lynchings I have found at least once a week. I tried my hardest to find a name for today's victim but was unsuccessful. I also am unsure if he was lynched on the 13th or the 14th. The articles do not mention if he was lynched the day that the girl went missing, the 12th, and the papers conflict on the method of lynching as well. I have said the 13th but could be off a few days. I do not know if he was guilty or not, most of the articles give the exact same information and it is sorely lacking in detail. With that said, I'll point your attention to our first article which is from the Titusville Herald (Titusville, Pennsylvania) and is dated August 21, 1871:</i><br />
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<b>A Negro Lynched—Murder—Rape.</b><br />
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LOUISVILLE, August 19.<br />
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The negro who outraged and murdered the little girl near Fulton Station, Herkimer county [sic], a few days since, was taken from jail on the night of his arrest, shot through seven times, and left for dead. The next morning he was found sitting up and was taken to jail and his wounds dressed, but afterwards the citizens took him out and hung him. He had confessed his crime at the examining trial.<br />
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<i>Our next paper is from the Hickman Courier (Hickman, Kentucky) dated August 19, 1871:</i><br />
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A Fiendish Act by a Negro.<br />
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<b>A White Girl Outraged and Killed.<br />_____</b><br />
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We hear of a most fiendish act which occurred on Saturday last, in that portion of Hickman county, known as the Potato patch. It appears that a young daughter of Esq Thomas Beunet[sic], a well known and much respected citizen of that locality, was outraged and killed by an old negro man in the employ of the family. The young daughter was between 14 and 15 years of age, beautiful in person and dearly beloved not only by her parents and relatives, but by her entire acquaintance. On Saturday, this young daughter went into the orchard, some distance from the house, alone, for the purpose of getting some fruit, whither the negro followed her, and after accomplishing his hellish purpose on her person, strangled her to death, and threw her body into a pond near by. The girl being missed for sometime, search was commenced by her friends and neighbors, the negro who committed the deed joining in the search. Someone remembered to have seen the negro in the orchard about the time she started for the fruit, and suspicion was thus aroused. He acknowledged that he outraged her person and then murdered her, and threw her in the pond. The imprints of his hands were yet upon her face, and other marks of her violation. The officers attempted to take him to jail, but some indignant person present shot him, and it was thought killed him, but it appears the shot was not fatal, as the officers afterwards took him to jail at Clinton. On Saturday night, we hear, the negro died in jail, whether from the shots received or from additional shots, we know not; but, our own judgement is he should have been burnt alive.<br />
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<i> Our next article is from The Tennessean (Nashville, Tennessee) published August 18, 1871:</i><br />
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<b>An Atrocious Crime by a Negro Fiend.</b><br />
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LOUISVILLE, August 17—A fiendish murder, accompanied by circumstances of the most horrible atrocity, has come to light in the southern part of the State. Last Saturday a little girl, aged 10 years, daughter of 'Squire Thomas Bennett, living near Fulton Station, the Paducah and Gulf Railroad, at dividing line between Kentucky and Tennessee, was missing from home and anxious search was made for her but in vain. Suspicion at length rested upon a negro who had been working for Mr. Bennett since the war, and he was arrested but escaped, and was shot and recaptured. Becoming frightened he confessed that he had attempted to commit a rape on the child, but finding her too small, first choked her to death and then accomplished his infamous purpose, after which he threw the body in a pond and returned to the house to join in the search for her. At last accounts the incarnate fiend was in custody of the citizens, but is probably lynched by this time.<br />
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<i>As you can tell, there is also some doubt as to how the man was lynched as well. Our final article is from The Jackson County Banner (Brownstown, Indiana) published August 31, 1871:</i><br />
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...A negro who outraged and murdered a little girl, near Fulton station, Hickman county, KY., a few days since, was taken from jail on the night of his arrest, shot through seven times, and left for dead. Next morning he was found sitting up, was taken to jail and his wounds dressed, but afterward the citizens took him out and hung him. He had confessed his crime......<br />
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<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Hickman County, KY, USA36.6482184 -88.979677636.240558899999996 -89.6251246 37.0558779 -88.3342306tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-88953175801330672392018-05-09T20:57:00.001-05:002018-08-25T14:56:41.046-05:00April 23, 1899: Sam Hose, continued<i>The lynching of Sam Hose caught the attention of many people. There were differing opinions across the country and many papers shared those opinions. </i><br />
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<i>I'm starting The Pittsburgh Press (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) which asked for people's opinions on the lynching. The first article comes from the May 7, 1899 edition:</i><br />
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My Dear Press Leaguers—Our dear editor has many times asked to write and give our opinions on some subject which is at that time occupying or attracting the attention of the general public, and particularly the attention of our bright Press league cousins. Now, dear leaguers, I do not wish to write a long lecturing letter, and stir up a big fight "with pens for swords" among us, but I wish to give my opinion of the lynching of Sam Hose, at Newnan, Ga. I have heard people talk about the horrors of the Inquisition, of the terrors and tortures of the Bastile, and then thank heaven we have no such places or tortures. I have heard people, public speakers<i> </i>and ministers, praise our nineteenth century civilization, but where was our Christianity, where was our civilization, where our justice in the case of Sam Hose? Think of the terrible agony of that unfortunate negro, when, according to newspaper reports, they chained him to a tree, his ears cut from his head, his fingers cut off one by one. Each cut was accompanied by a scream of agony from the wretched prisoner. Think of the terrible agony he suffered when the match was applied and the flames encircled his wretched, bleeding, maimed body body. Think of when he placed his maimed hands against the tree and broke the chain, and how he was kicked back into the flames. Is this civilization? When the mob took Hose if they had hung him to the first tree, instead of torturing him, I would have said they did right. But when it comes to torturing a man, whether he be white or black, as cruelly as Indians ever did the whites, or as the lowest creature on earth, I object. I respect a good, honest, law-abiding colored citizen, but Sam Sam [sic] Hose deserved no such cruel treatment as he received at the hands of the infuriated mob. I do not say that he did not deserve death. Oh, no! But why do it in such a brutal, unchristian manner. This lynching, or murder, as I should call it, has cast a blot of shame on the history of our sister state. But after his death came the most shameful part of it all. Think of the body being cut to pieces, and people fighting for those pieces for souvenirs. One man proudly shows to his acquaintances a piece of heart, which he is keeping as a relic! What a ghastly, grewsome [sic] relic it must be! I say the law should have been allowed to take it socourse [sic]and justice meted out in the proper manner. What should be done to prevent these southern outrages I leave to old and wiser heads than mine, so will say nothing about them, except that they should be stopped. Leaguers, this is a new subject, and not a very pleasant one, but I hope you will all give your views, so that we may learn where the great Press league stands in this question. Klondike<br />
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<i>The next edition with the Press League was published the following Sunday, May 14, 1899:</i></div>
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AROUND THE LEAGUE TABLE.</div>
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Siamese Twin—Klondike, in your last letter I saw where you would like to hear the leaguers' opinions in regard to the case of Sam Hose. Well, I think they were a trifle hard on him, although I think he deserved lynching and shot full of holes; but I do not think they should have cut him up in pieces. This is rather a grewsome subject to talk on, and I would sooner talk about the ball game. . .American Star, Ford City—. . . Klondike, my opinion in regard to the lynching of Sam Hose is this: I do not believe in torturing any negro, but any man who commits a crime like he did should be lynched. Should such a diabolical crime be committed in Pittsburg or Allegheny I, for one, would feel like helping to pull the rope. . .</div>
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PRESS LEAGUE MAIL POUCH</div>
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Dear Editor and Leaguers—I am quite sure you will all agree with me when I say Klondike Al's opinion of the recent lynching of Sam Hose, at Newman [sic], Ga., was an excellent one and expressed in the most concise and able manner. It was the most outrageous crime ever committed in the history of civilization. It has not only cast a blot of shame on the state of Georgia, but on the United States and the entire civilised world. They would not have been contented to end his miserable existence as soon as possible. Oh no; they had to torture him in the most cruel and brutal manner before they applied the match to his clothing, after it became saturated with kerosene oil. Just imagine him standing there, chained to a tree, with his ears and fingers cut off and the flames licking his bleeding body. Picture the mob standing about, gloating over their unfortunate and helpless victim. Oh, what terrible agony he must have suffered in those brief moments! His agony was so great that he broke the chains that encircled his body in his death struggles. Words are inadequate to describe such a scene. Do you call that Christianity? Do you call that justice?Do you call that civilization? He undoubtedly deserved death, for he committed an awful crime, but not in that terrible manner. If they had hung him to the nearest tree they would have done an act of humanity. But why should justice not be meted out to the mob who participated in the affair? They deserve punishment, perhaps more so than their victim. Klondike Al, you need have no fear of stirring up a fight, for no right-thinking and law-abiding people could find any justification for such brutalities as were committed at Newman [sic], Ga. Yours in the league. Chick. City</div>
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Editor and Cousins:—Although I do not feel in the humor for writing, I cannot help answering our Cousin Klondike's letter in regards to the lynching of Sam Hose in Georgia. My dear Klondike, you must not wax so indignant at the so-called outrage. Human (?) [sic] beings like that criminal cannot be called men; they are not even on a par with the yellow cur. Your pictures of the sufferings of that cur is certainly harrowing, but could I, or could anybody, describe the terrible agony of his victim?No, indeed, such sufferings could not be pictured in words. Let us go on a little further and say, what would you do if one of your family should be the victim of such a criminal? Would you lift your eyes to heaven and say, May God forgive him as I do? No, my dear cousin, you would become enraged, your blood would boil with a righteous fury and had you the power you would have inflicted on him the most terrible tortures your mind could invent. But, in the south that feeling extends farther. those who did not know the victim would be filled with the same wrath, and the assailant would be powerless in the hands of these self-appointed judges. Lynch law certainly does make mistakes, but never so often as does the regular law, with its red tape and ofttimes crookedness. Would you speak a word against the torturing of an animal in human form, who, after committing the most horrible atrocities, did on the very eve of his justifiable execution, and with his last breath implicated another of his race, who was entirely innocent and had no knowledge of the crime any more than did the president of the United States? We are taught that when, as we are passing to the Great Beyond, we look for forgiveness for our earthly sins and forgive others as we would hope to be forgiven by the Almighty. Think of that creature Hose, who, when, according to scripture, he would have known that nothing could save him, and that he was doomed to die, adding such a crime to his already horrible list. Could you consider such a creature a man? I have always held that not all men are created equal, and if you could see those southern negroes you would share my belief, and such atrocities as the one of which I speak only tend to uphold my views. Believe me, those crimes are much more numerous in the south than we hear of through the papers. Those we hear of, are only those, the committers of which come to a just end at the hands of an impromptu court.</div>
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Jollier.</div>
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City.</div>
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Dear Friend:—. . . The recent burning of Sam Hose is a rather delicate subject to discuss from any other than a northern point of view. I have a strain of southern blood in my veins and have always looked at the southern lynchings from a southerner's, as well as a northerner's point. Personally, I am warm blooded and it pains me to see anything,no matter how small, needlessly hurt, yet, without wishing to convey the impression that I delight in cruelty, I believe that Sam Hose and many others of his stamp received no more than they deserved. Place yourself in a southern man's position, imagine yourself in the home of the murdered farmer at the time of the crime, imagine yourself married and in constant dread of some similar crime being repeated on you and your family, and then you will be able to understand why the southern people get so wild. Sam Hose committed the crime of a devil (pardon the word) and he deserved a devil's fate. A more fiendish crime it would be hard to imagine. I will not go into details, you are all perfectly familiar with them, but remember that you look at the crimes of lynchers principally from a northerner's point of view. You forget that such crimes are very rare in the north, populated as it is more densely, you forget that every southern man, especially in the thinly populated districts, is in constant fear of some such crime, you forget that the law is too lenient with such fiends as Hose. Remember all this—place yourself in a southerner's position and I believe you will concur with me that Sam Hose got all he deserved. He was not a human, he would disgrace the name of beast. Reason the question out logically and give your honest opinion, writing nothing that you do not fully believe. If you believe that fiends like Hose should be allowed to continue their work unrestricted, say so, give your honest opinion, nothing more. Trusting that you are all in good health and wishing the league renewed prosperity, I am</div>
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Yours in the league,</div>
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Ruth Spring Garden.<br />
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<i>The conversation about the lynching continued in the next edition with the Press League, May 21, 1899:</i></div>
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<b>CHAT WITH CONTRIBUTORS.</b></div>
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Dough Nuts—. . . Klondike, I think Sam Hose deserved all he got and more, too, for such a crime as he did. If they had let the law take its course he might have been hung and he might not,for the jury might have said he was insane and let him go. . .</div>
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<b>OUR PRESS LEAGUE MAIL POUCH.</b></div>
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.Dear Leaguers—. . . Leaguers, the discussion of the lynching of Sam Hose is rather a deep one for us. Yet we may all express our opinion, and mine, I fear, will hardly be read, after so many are on the field before me. Yet I can not agree with Ruth Spring Garden or others who favor this wholesale butchery. Sam Hose was deserving of death, but not the tortures that he had to undergo to expiate his crime. We are told by Him who will one day judge all men, that vengeance is His and He will repay. Again we are told to "judge not, lest you be judged." But I think when that day dawns, when we must account for our lives, I would rather be in Sam Hose's place than in the place of those who by the strength of their arms gave back to God the life he gave in such a horrible manner. . .Vale Allegheny</div>
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Dear Editor and Cousins—Our page was very interesting last Sunday. I was glad to see Ruth Spring Garden's name at the end of a letter again. I was afraid he had left us. . . In regard to the Sam Hose debate, I say, put yourself in the injured one's place. Look at the ones you love dearly and think what could you do with the person who would harm them as he did. . .Lauretta City</div>
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My Dear Cousins—I see by the league page before me that several of our best writers have accepted my invitation and in a concise way express their opinion on the subject of lynching. I am glad to read all their letters, whether they agreed with me or not, and now Jollier, a word with you. I was very much pleased to make your acquaintance at the last P. L. S. C. meeting, also you, Ruth Spring Garden, for although we disagree in many things, we can be friends for all that. And say, Ruth, I don't believe my knees trembled one bit when I met you. Now Jollier, when you ask what would I do if it were one of my relatives whom Sam Hose had killed, you ask a question which is easily answered.</div>
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I would have shot him down. I would not stop to get a crowd and treat him like a dog. I would shoot him down in his tracks and if they had done so to Sam Hose I would have said they did just right. You say if I "could see those southern negroes." Why, you didn't know I was born in the south; that my own father, who is dead and gone, was a confederate soldier and a slaveholder. This may surprise you, but it is true, and I believe I have as much of that prided southern blood as any one, and yes, I know that for every five lynchings in the south one reaches the newspapers. Now Jollier, you are approaching dangerous ground when you say that you believe all men were not created equal, and that is another subject to debate, I will say nothing about it in my letter. no I do not believe such fiends as Hose should go unrestricted, but if the southern people want to lynch, let them do it in a little civilised manner. Yes, American Star, if they had hung him without any of the terrible tortures they used I would have been glad to have pulled on the rope. . . Klondike.</div>
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Dear Aunt Patience and Cousins—I write this especially to answer Ruth Spring Garden's letter about Sam Hose. I do not agree with him at all. He say "the southern people would live in dread of being murdered." There would have been no possibility of that at all, if Sam Hose had been hanged like civilized people would have hanged him, because he then would have been dead. Now if it had been I, you or Ruth Spring Garden or any other white person who had committed that crime, they wouldn't have cut him in pieces like that. Do you think so? I don't They would have given him a fair trial and perhaps then his friends would have tried to make him out to be insane. I think the southerners are quite as bad or worse, in fact, than the Spaniards with their bull fights.They like to lynch a negro on the least provocation and experience, or seem to, a savage joy in cutting him to pieces. I truly believe they want to get revenge on the negro for being free. The Duke of Ulverford </div>
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Rochester, Pa.</div>
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<i>Also found in the May 7 edition was a small bit in a section titled "AFRO-AMERICAN NOTES":</i></div>
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<b>AFRO-AMERICAN NOTES</b></div>
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<b>News and Comment of Special Interest to Colored Readers.</b></div>
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The outspoken opposition of Rev. A. D. Carlile to the passage of a resolution offered before the Pittsburg presbytery last Monday denouncing southern lynchings has been a very fruitful topic of comment among all classes of citizens during the week. What the reverend gentleman is credited with having said at the meeting, and what he has since given publicity to in the interviews and published statements, makes plain the fact that he is in no sense of the word friendly to the colored race in this country, unless they are of the "uncle" and "aunty" variety of before the war. Sam Hose, the negro who was lynched at Palmetto, was, by his own confession, guilty of murder. The assault charge is generally discredited even in Georgia. For the crime of murder, whether in Georgia or in any other state, Hose would have been found guilty by the usual process of the law, and would have expiated his crime on the gallows. One week before his victim, Cranfeld [sic], was killed, it is charged, and no attempt at denial has been made, that Cranfeld [sic] was one of a party of white men which shot to death six colored men cooped up in a warehouse near Palmetto, Ga. It is also conceded that Strickland, the poor old colored preacher, was innocent of any wrong-doing. But his life paid the forfeit to the barbarous frenzy of the mob, and a Christian minister, apprised of all the facts in the case, so far forgets his mission among men as to defend, with great warmth of language, the deeds of the mob. One of the "new negroes" whom he decries is the moderator of the presbytery to which he belongs. Probably this fact had something to do with the indignant vehemence of Rev. Carlile's opposition to the resolutions..<br />
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Nowhere in the south does the law move on leaden feet when the accused is a negro, whether he is charged with stealing a loaf of bread or held for a more serious offense. Nor is the benefit of a doubt ever accorded him. The presumption is "guilty as charged" from the start. Nor is there for him any minimum—the extreme penalty of the law. Knowing this, as every southern white man must of necessity know it, there remains no peg on which to hang justification for lynch law. The sporadic outbreaks of it in the north are but the results of that which is too common at the south. So far the barbarous phrases of it are indigenous to the south, which, unless a halt is soon called, will one day do full penance for the woes it was brought down on its own head. "As ye sow,so shall ye reap.". . .<br />
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At a meeting of the Francis Ellen Harper league of Pittsburg and Allegheny, held the past week, Mrs. Rebecca Aldridge presented the following resolutions, which were unanimously adopted:<br />
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Whereas, A wife has been made a widow and five children are fatherless by the lynching of Sam Hose and Rev. Strickland, of Newman [sic], Ga., Sunday, April 23; and, whereas, Rev. Dr. Broughton, of the Tabernacle Baptist church, Atlanta, Ga., spoke out without fear or favor at the inhuman outrage. Therefore be it<br />
<br />
Resolved, That we, the members of this league denounce the awful and barbarous acts of the mob as exceeding even savages in its cruelty, and we regard it as one of the most diabolical crimes against law and order, peace and prosperity, ever perpetrated in a civilized country, on a human being. Be it further resolved that we extend to Rev. Dr. Broughton a vote of thanks for his manly stand for justice, the law, and the right. . .<br />
<br />
The colored citizens of Finleyville held a large and enthusiastic meeting Thursday night to protest against the inhuman lynchings in Georgia.They appointed a committee to draft resolutions suitable to the occasion and they decided to organize a league to petition congress to urge such action as will prevent a repetition of such lawlessness. . .<br />
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<i>One of the issues after a lynching were, believe it or not, people claiming to be relatives of the lynched person. An article about such a man was printed in the May 6, 1899 edition of The Times (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania):</i></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">NOT A SON OF MOB'S VICTIM</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Man Masquerading as John Hose an Impostor.</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">HE HAS PROBABLY FLED</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Church Members Found Out He Was a Fraud and Would Not Let Him Speak.</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">He Fooled Many.</span></b></div>
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The man who came to this city yesterday claiming to be the son of Samuel Hose, who was burned to death by a mob at Newman [sic], Ga., a week ago, was discovered last night to be an impostor. John Hose is the name he gave, and he was promptly housed upon his arrival by a member of the congregation of Cherry Street Baptist Church.</div>
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It was arranged that he was to speak at the church last evening, but when he was closely questioned as to how he had reached this city, he told so many conflicting stories that suspicion was aroused in the minds of the church officials. He frequently contradicted himself and many of the tales he told his hearers knew to be untrue.</div>
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<b>Has Taken to His Heels.</b></div>
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According to his story his escape from Georgia was but little short of the miraculous. Upon reaching Washington, D. C., he said he went to work at his trade of tailoring and earned enough money to get to this city, where he had heard a famous school teacher lived. It was to the school teacher's family that he applied for help, and as he succeeded in taking them in they took him in.</div>
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When asked about his mother he said she was in Albany. He wanted to interest friends in her case, he said, and desired enough money to pay his fare to that place so that he might visit her. He evidently became suspicious last night, for he left the house of his would-be benefactors and at a late hour had not returned.</div>
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<i>The next day's edition continued about the impostor:</i></div>
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<b>"HOSE" HAS NOT RETURNED</b></div>
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<b>The Fake Son of the Mob's Victim Keeps Out of the Way.</b></div>
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<b>Told a Straight Story, But His Appearance Did Not Bear it Out—Suspicion Soon Aroused.</b></div>
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Further investigation shows that but two persons in this city saw anything of the lad who said he was John Hose, the young colored man who posed as the son of Sam Hose, the negro who was burned at Newnan, Georgia, last week, and came to this city last Thursday from Washington en route for Albany, N. Y. He came to Philadelphia Thursday afternoon and wended his way to a residence on Bainbridge street, above Sixteenth street, the home of a family whose acquaintance he claimed to have formed at Beaufort, South Carolina, some years ago.</div>
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He is described as being apparently 20 years of age, height little less than 5 feet, rather dark complexioned, with large flat nose, and altogether a typical Southern negro, with an expression of intelligence. But he gave no evidence whatever of being a man in hard luck or a refugee. He was faultless in his attire. He wore a black suit, black derby hat, white shirt, collar and cuffs.</div>
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<b>Told a Good Story.</b></div>
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When he called the husband, whom young Hose claimed as his former teacher in the South, was not at home. He was told by the wife to call at 6 o'clock that evening. Young Hose, however, made known his errand to the wife and her mother.</div>
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Said he: "I have just arrived in the city, and am the son of Sam Hose, the man who was murdered and burned about ten days ago. I arrived in Washington, D. C., Wednesday. I am a tailor by trade, and was, as has already been stated through the papers, assisted through to Philadelphia by the police authorities of Washington, to whom I made known my wish to come to the north in search of my mother, whom I understand has been living in Albany, N. Y., where she managed to arrive in safety after the burning of my father. During my stay in Washington I earned a little money by making pantaloons. I received part of my education in the South, and the attended Lincoln University."</div>
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<b>Suspected Him at Once.</b></div>
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Strange to say, said the wife, he could rehearse the names of all the professors of the institution for several years past. He said he attended the Colored Methodist Church at his home.</div>
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The husband claimed no knowledge of a family in Beaufort, South Carolina, by the name of Hose. He taught school for a number of years where this young imposter claims to have gone to school. "My impression," said she, "after the interview with hose was that he was an imposter, and I went so far as to intimate the same to him, which may have accounted for his not returning to the house yesterday, as he promised to do.Since Friday morning he has not been seen or heard of."</div>
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<i>I am going to end this post here. I have 28 more articles to read through and choose which to post. With so many articles about the lynching, I will be doing a third post for Sam Hose.</i></div>
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<i>As always, I hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
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Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com0Newnan, GA, USA33.3806716 -84.79965729999997833.2745941 -84.961018799999977 33.4867491 -84.63829579999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-91113614477636975772018-04-28T20:43:00.002-05:002018-08-25T14:56:54.290-05:00April 23, 1899: Sam Hose<i>I have taken a long break, but I am trying to get back into the swing of things. I have been focusing on myself in the interim. I am agoraphobic with a general anxiety disorder added on. I have been working on fighting the panic and doing more outside of my home. My plan is to start with weekly posts and eventually be back to daily. </i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>I have had multiple people ask about my sources. At the top of every article I list the newspaper the article came from. That newspaper is the source. If I post something from a book, I add the author and title. I do not claim to be an expert on lynchings. I do not even have a college degree. I do, however, have a curiosity of the past and an indignant rage about the murders of so many people. I grew up in the south and still live in the south, but I was never taught the depth of lynchings. I feel the very important history of people of color in America is not taught. I only wish to inform and to leave judgments to the reader. I try to cover lynchings from all over the country and lynchings of all races. I try to cover victims that were obviously guilty as well as ones who were most definitely innocent.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>I come back today with the lynching of Sam Hose. If you are squeamish, I warn you that this lynching is grotesque. Sam Hose was mutilated before being burned alive. Please keep that in mind before reading the articles.</i><br />
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<i>First we have a proclamation from the Governor of Georgia found in The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Ga) dated April 15, 1899:</i></div>
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<b>A PROCLAMATION.—GEORGIA: </b>By Allen D. Candler, governor of said state. whereas, official information has been received at this department that assault and murder was committed in the county of Campbell, on the 12th day of April, 1899, upon the body of Alfred Cranford, by Sam Hose, colored, as is alleged, and that said Sam Hose has fled from justice. I have thought proper, therefore, to issue this my proclamation, hereby offering a reward of $250 for the apprehension and delivery of said Sam Hose to the sheriff of Coweta county at Newnan, or to the sheriff of Fulton county, in the city of Atlanta. And I do moreover charge and require all officers in this state, civil and military, to be vigilant in endeavoring to apprehend the said Sam Hose in order that he may be brought to trial for the offense with which he stands charged.<br />
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Given under my hand and the seal of the state, at the capitol in Atlanta, this the 14th day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-nine, and of the independence of the United States of America the one hundred and twenty-third.<br />
<br />
A. D. CANDLER,<br />
Governor<br />
<br />
By the Governor.<br />
<br />
PHILIP COOK, Secretary of State.<br />
Description—Sam Hose is of a yellow color, five and one-half feet high, one or two front teeth out and carries his head a little to one side. Is 21 or 22 years old. When last seen was wearing a brown-spotted hat.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfePYlOss4H2Vf5QxexZ8D9Ma4yftD2qQUKWvXMjo9K15GMhGuAeoxRO1S2RrJ1Lji1UM6FKx4H9TovOEceIWLERICSkl84A6E71TGo9kRnrq3KoniKQFHndoM2GPFO8uP5ufpX7aUcPE/s1600/The+Cranfords.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="402" data-original-width="486" height="264" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfePYlOss4H2Vf5QxexZ8D9Ma4yftD2qQUKWvXMjo9K15GMhGuAeoxRO1S2RrJ1Lji1UM6FKx4H9TovOEceIWLERICSkl84A6E71TGo9kRnrq3KoniKQFHndoM2GPFO8uP5ufpX7aUcPE/s320/The+Cranfords.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<i>Next we have an article from The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) dated April 19, 1899. I have chosen this article because it is a call to the community to continue searching for Sam Hose:</i><br />
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<b>Catch the Criminal!</b></div>
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The only effective way to enforce the law is to deliver criminals up to justice!</div>
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An atrocious crime has been committed in Campbell county—a respectable farmer has been murdered; his children were dipped in his blood, and his wife was submitted to an outrage, the nature of which exhausts the power of law to properly punish!</div>
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The criminal is at large. It is through the commission of such crimes of which he is guilty that people are goaded into inflicting summary vengeance. If his people do not make themselves prominent in effecting his capture, then they must be content to share the obloquy which his crime brings upon them. This is plain language, but it is true, and they might as well understand it first as last.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>The governor of the state has offered a reward of $500 for the arrest and delivery to the officers of Sam Hose.</b></div>
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<b>The people of Palmetto have added to this $250 more.</b></div>
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With a combined reward of $750 outstanding, the criminal is still at large! For six days Crime has defied Law, and it becomes the duty of those who appeal to Law to work together for its enforcement.</div>
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<b>The Constitution hereby offers an additional reward of $500 for the arrest and delivery of Sam Hose to the sheriff of the county in which the crime was committed. </b></div>
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<b>This makes $1,250 in all.</b></div>
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Read this description and pass it around</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Sam Hose weighs 140 pounds, is five feet eight inches tall and a mulatto of a coppery tint. He has a small black mustache and holds his head to one side while talking. He wears his hat well down over his forehead and has an affection which causes him to jerk his head at intervals. When last seen he had on a pair of almost new shoes, No. 7, a pair of gray jeans pants, brown sack coat and a mottled hat.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The Constitution makes this offer, fully convinced of the fact that we have reached a critical period—one in which the safety of the home must be measured against the chances for criminals to escape. The people of Georgia are orderly and conservative, the descendants of ancestors who have been trained in American methods for 150 years. They are a people intensely religious, home-loving and just. There is among them no foreign or lawless element. When, therefore, a lynching occurs among such people, it has connected with it premeditation and purpose, and it follows that when such a people can be so moved behind it there is a motive so strong and overpowering that all the bonds of conservatism have been broken.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Georgia is an agricultural state. Her people are forced to the isolated life of the farm, and as the farmer goes about his daily labor, he must leave mother, wife or daughter in the lonely cabin to await his home-coming. Are they safe? The answer comes from the humble home in Campbell county, where an industrious citizen who bore his part toward family and state was brutally murdered by the negro to whom he had given food and employment.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The searching for Sam Hose should be kept up, and his punishment should be made summary enough to serve notice upon those who sympathize with him that there is protection in Georgia for women and children.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Twelve hundred and fifty dollars reward for the capture of Sam Hose and his delivery to the sheriff of Campbell county!</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Of this sum The Constitution will pay $500.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Keep up the chase!</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<i><br /></i><i>This article covers the search and comes from The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) dated April 16, 1899:</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>HOSE IS A WILL O' THE WISP </b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>TO HIS DETERMINED PURSUERS</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Negro Has Cleverly Evaded All Efforts of the Searchers To</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Effect His Capture,</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">GRIM MEN ARE FOLLOWING HIM</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">LateReports (sic) Announce That His Capture</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Is Expected.</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>NEGROES DRIVEN FROM PALMETTO</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Excitement Still Continues Intense, </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>and It Is Openly Declared That</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>if Sam Hose Is Brought in</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Alive He Will Be</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Burned.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>By Daniel Carey. </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Palmetto, Ga. April 15.—(Special.)—Like a will o' the wisp Sam Hose has today evaded all efforts to effect his capture. He has concealed himself in swamps, he has dodged his pursuers when they thought his capture only a matter of a few hours, and has slipped almost from beneath their touch, which will not be gentle.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
He has proven himself almost as shrewd as those who are hunting for him, but not quite. At a late hour tonight word was received here that the posse is hot on the trail near LaGrange, and it is now thought, even by those who were disposed to believe the negro had escaped, that he will be brought to Palmetto this afternoon or that his bullet-riddled body will be left swinging to a limb by those who are now running him down to his doom.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
With unabated zeal and with tireless energy the search for Hose has continued today. This negro, the murderer of Alfred Cranford and the assailant of his wife, is being tracked swiftly and with accuracy by cool, determined men, who have so far done what they said they would do when they left their homes to begin the search, and what the women advised them to do--remain away until every trace of the negro had vanished.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Undaunted by failure, they have followed every trail, they have left clews after following them for hours to find them worthless for fresher traces of the negro, and every failure has but served to spur them to renewed effort. Since early last Thursday morning, ten hours after the crimes had been committed, this search has continued. Although almost exhausted in body from sleeplessness and fatigue, the parties are still pushing on, not with the same vigor with which they set out, but with, if possible, greater determination to capture the fleeing negro.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Excitement Continues.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
At this place the intense excitement continues. Never before in the history of the town has its people been so wrought up. The residents have shown no disposition to abandon the search in the immediate neighborhood of Palmetto; their ardor has in no degree cooled, and if Sam Hose is brought here by his captors he will be publicly burned at the stake as an example to members of his race who are said to have been causing residents of this vicinity trouble for some time.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
There is, however, little probability of the capture of the negro while he is alive. He is known to be a desperate character, or had such a reputation among the people of this place and of Coweta county, even before the crimes of Wednesday night. It is also known that he is armed with a pistol, as he exchanged shots with his pursuers Thursday night near Strickler's bridge, while a negro, John Smith, is said to have admitted giving him a pistol on the night of the murder, although the latter negro says he did not know of the crimes of Hose.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The facts being true, it is very probable that Hose will make a fight for his life, as he has probably already been warned by negroes that it is the intention of his captors to burn him at the stake. It may be that the negro, who uses a pistol well, will wound at least one of his pursuers before he goes down before their shots, and there is great anxiety in Palmetto among the relatives of the searchers.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The searching party is divided into several bodies, but possibly the greatest interest is centered in the man who is following some negro, believed to be Hose, down the Southern railroad toward Savannah. This man is a resident of Palmetto, and is one of the tireless and courageous citizens of this place. He telephoned from Barnesville Friday night that he believed the negro had gone to Macon on a freight train, and announced his intention of following.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Yesterday morning word was received from him from Macon, stating that he had traced his man to several places in Macon, both by his attempt at passing confederate money, which he obtained from the Cranford home on the night of the murder, and by description. Shortly afterwards a message was received from the same man saying the negro he was following had left Macon for Savannah. The Palmetto resident said he would continue the search, and left Macon this morning of an early train.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Ten Minutes To Leave.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Palmetto residents are determined to rid their neighborhood of what they believe to be undesirable persons, and with this object in view they yesterday morning gave John Floyd, a young negro, ten minutes in which to leave town. The negro was approached openly at his home during the morning and was told that he had ten minutes in which to say goodby to his family.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
For several minutes he loitered around, and was then told that when the ten minutes allowed him for preparation for departure expired he would be shot through the heart. There was the ring of earnestness in the words he heard, and he no longer hesitated. He wore his hat at the time, but did not stop to reach for his coat, and as he left at a brisk walk, exclaimed: "Fo' Gawd sake. Yo' ain't neber gwine terse me 'round dis here place no more." When Floyd was safely out of gun range he began running, and when last seen was going in the direction of Atlanta.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>More Negroes Leave</b> </div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Yesterday four negroes left Palmetto with their families, having been notified to depart by notices tacked in public places through out the city. They are Ben Bridges, Tom Jackson, Noah Zellers and Professor Kelly. Two other negroes, George Tatum and John Jamison, both of who were in the warehouse when the negroes were killed several weeks ago, but who escaped injury, were also notified to leave; but they are in the county jail at Fairburn, and when told of the warning, said they would not mind obeying.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Professor Kelly, a negro school teacher, left early Wednesday morning. He had opened his school near Palmetto, when someone informed him that he had been publicly warned to leave. Kelly took his hat and coat and left for parts unknown at once, not even waiting to dismiss from school the children he was teaching.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
George Woodward and Henry Briggs, two negroes, voluntarily left with their families yesterday morning, going to Atlanta. It is estimated by citizens that since January 24th, when the first store was fired by the incendiaries, about 200 negroes have left the vicinity. Those who remain are badly frightened, and at S--montown, directly across the railroad from Palmetto, three and four negro families are sleeping, like sheep, in one house for protection.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Searchers Are Persistent.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
With unusual persistence, the searchers at Hogansville are today following the trail of their man. This is the same party which, Friday night, chased a negro supposed to be Sam Hose and answering to his description through Moreland and the surrounding country, and the posse is still after the same man. As the day passed they were drawing closer to him, and every time he was heard from, the distance between pursuers and pursued was less.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Late this afternoon the party wired to Palmetto that unless the negro made some move not then anticipated by the searchers he would be captured tonight, and many residents of this place surround both the telegraph and telephone offices as this is being written with the expectation of hearing of the capture. If this party is after Hose and succeeds in taking him alive. Palmetto will be deserted tonight, as the residents will go to meet the captors with their prize.<br />
<br />
It was this party which is said to have taken drastic measures this morning to extract knowledge from a negro; but if the man knew anything, according to report, he did not tell it. He was found near Mountville, just after the party left that place, it is said, and was thought to know the direction in which the negro supposed to be Hose had gone. The strange negro represented that he knew nothing.<br />
<br />
A rope is said to have been placed around his neck, and he was led to a nearby tree, where he was informed that unless he told in which direction the fugitive had gone, within two minutes opportunity for telling would be gone. With his knees trembling and with his entire body quaking with fear, the negro swore that he knew nothing. The party then allowed him to go, being satisfied that had he known he would have told.<br />
<br />
<b>A Frightened Merchant.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
It was the same party which badly frightened a merchant at St. Marks, between Mountville and Hogansville today. With three days growth of beard on their faces and their clothes soiled from constant pursuit, the party trooped into the store of the merchant and the leader informed him that the members of the party would like to speak with him privately for a few moments.<br />
<br />
The merchant stood still for a moment, his jaw dropping and then like a flash he darted through a rear door, leaving the party in possession of his store., He was seen running toward the woods as fast as his legs could carry him, and could not be induced to stop by friendly shouts. A resident of the neighborhood finally undertook to tell him who composed the party in his store, and the merchant returned to his place of business. He said he thought he had been attacked by brigands. He told what he knew of the direction taken by the negro and the searchers pushed on.<br />
<br />
<b>Searching the Neighborhood.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
Sam Hose is believed by many to still be in the vicinity of the place where his crimes of Wednesday night were committed. Tonight a party assembled near the Cranford home to go on a quiet search for the negro throughout the entire neighborhood, and if he is there he will probably be captured before morning unless some of his friends learn of the intended hunt and warn him.<br />
<br />
There are only a few in this party, not more than ten, and it is the intention to visit all the old haunts of the negro and to steal quietly through the woods with the hope of catching him in an unguarded moment.<br />
<br />
An idea of public sentiment not only here, but in Coweta, Pike, Meriwether and Paulding, all of which counties have been visited by the searching parties, maybe be had from the aid given the various posses. Not only have women cheered them on while the men waved their hats and gave vent to other demonstrations of sympathy as the party passed, but practical aid has been rendered the searchers.<br />
<br />
Horses and mules have been taken from between the plowshares to be ridden by the members of the posse and buggies have been given them. When the searchers left Palmetto and other places in this vicinity they were on foot; now they are mounted or on buggies. The horses and conveyances are driven about ten or fifteen miles and then sent back to their owners and fresh teams are secured.<br />
<br />
If determination, energy and persistence count for anything, Sam Hose will pay the penalty for the crime and it is only feared here that his captors will kill him on sight instead of bringing him here for the death in contemplation for him at this place.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>HOT ON THE TRAIL OF HOSE.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<b>FLEEING NEGRO MAY BE CAPTURED NEAR LA GRANGE.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Posse Has Been Swelled in Numbers and Is Only a Few Hours Behind the Fugitive.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
LaGrange, Ga., April 15.—(Special.)—In response to a telegram asking for help, a posse left LaGrange this afternoon at 5 o'clock to give chase to the negro Sam Hose, who so brutally murdered Mr. Cranford and then assaulted his wife near Palmetto.<br />
<br />
Reports from Mountville tonight at 10:30 o'clock are to the effect that the posse, which has been increased by the crowd from LaGrange, is in hot pursuit of the negro, being only two or three hours behind him. It is thought he will be captured some time in the morning.<br />
<br />
The negro has left the Hogansville and Mountville road and is headed toward Greenville. The surrounding country is aroused as it has never been before, and men who are fresh are taking the places of those who are worn out.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>HOSE ALMOST IN THEIR GRASP.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<b>FALSE REPORT SAVED THE NEGRO LAST FRIDAY NIGHT.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>But for Being Called of Trail, Griffin Citizens Believe They Would Have Caught Murderer.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
Griffin, Ga., April 15.—(Special.)—Had not some one sent a dispatch yesterday to the posse which for the past several days has been pursuing Sam Hose, the negro would have already paid the penalty for his horrible crime.<br />
<br />
When the dispatch was received by the posse stating that Hose had been arrested and carried to Palmetto, they had the murderer and assailant located, and would doubtless have captured him before the sun rose this morning. After receiving the dispatch the men supposed they were on the wrong track and dispersed, leaving Hose to go on his way unpursued.<br />
<br />
The persons sending the dispatch which called of his pursuers evidently had what they considered authentic information of the arrest of Hose, but it proved to be a serious mistake.<br />
<br />
Abe Rogowskie, of this city, was one of the posse, and to a Call reporter today he related how the negro was tracked from place to place. Hose was first heard of at Digby, and from there he went to Drewryville, where he tried to pass a $5 confederate bill.<br />
<br />
He was followed to Hollonville, and there he again attempted to pass the confederate money for some tobacco at Mr. Marshall's store.<br />
<br />
The posse was not very far behind the negro and pushed on with all possible haste until they reached J. P Crawford's plantation, about a mile and a half this side of Concord.<br />
<br />
They learned from Mr. Crawford that a negro filling the description of Hose had applied to him that morning about 10 o'clock, asking for employment, claiming he was from Jasper county. He was hired, and left saying he would return this morning and go to work.<br />
<br />
In a negro house on this plantation were found the blood-stained clothes which Hose had left to be washed, with the understanding that he would call for them last night.<br />
<br />
The pursuers were then satisfied they were on the right track and would capture the negro before midnight.<br />
<br />
Shortly afterwards a dispatch was received stating that Hose had been captured and carried to Palmetto, where he would be dealt with at once.<br />
<br />
The men were non-plused at this information and wired for fuller particulars, stating that they were sure they had the right man located.<br />
<br />
The message came to them again that Sam Hose was beyond all doubt under arrest in Palmetto, and it was then that the neighbors of Mr. and Mrs. Cranford gave up the chase and hastened back to Palmetto hoping to get there in time to witness the death.<br />
<br />
Mr. Rogowskie says a few members of the party remained in the neighborhood several hours longer, and then went to Concord for the night. He was indignant when he learned the negro had not been arrested, and was confident his party would have caught Hose but for the unfortunate dispatch.<br />
<br />
Citizens living in Concord still believe the negro is in that neighborhood, and at 10 o'clock this morning wired to Griffin for a posse to come down and help them to capture him.<br />
<br />
The posse was formed, and left about noon, but nothing has been heard from it, and it is feared the negro has escaped.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i>Lastly, we have an article covering the lynching found in April 25, 1899 edition of The Wilmington Morning Star (Wilmington, NC):</i></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>GEORGIA CITIZENS LYNCH NEGROES.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Terrible Punishment of Sam Hose, the Murderer and Rape Fiend.</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>TORTURED AND BURNED ALIVE</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Confessed the Murder of Farmer Cranford</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Declared a Negro Preacher </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Hired Him to Commit the Murder</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>The Preacher Subsequently</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Captured and</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Put to Death By</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>the Mob.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
NEWNAN, GA., April 23.—In the presence of nearly 2,000 people who sent aloft yells of defiance and shouts of joy, Sam Hose, a negro who committed two of the basest acts known to crime, was burned at the stake in a public road one and one-half miles from here this afternoon. Before the torch was applied to the pyre, the negro was deprived of his ears, fingers and other portions of his anatomy. The negro pleaded pitifully for his life while the mutilation was going on, but stood for the ordeal of fire with surprising fortitude. Before the body was cool it was cut to pieces, the bones were crushed into small bits and even the tree upon which the wretch met his fate was torn up and disposed of as souvenirs. The negro's heart was cut into several pieces, as was also his liver. Those unable to obtain these ghastly relics direct, paid their more fortunate possessors extravagant sums for them. Small pieces of bone went for 25 cents, and a bit of the liver, crisply cooked, sold for 10 cents. One of the men who lifted the can of kerosene to the man's head is said to be a native of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. His name is known to those who were with him,but they refuse to divulge it. The mob was composed of citizens of the Newnan, Griffin, Palmetto and other little towns in the country round about Newnan, and of all the farmers who had received word that the burning was to take place.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Hon. W. Y. Atkinson, former governor of Georgia, met the mob as he was returning from church and appealed to them to let the law take its course. In addressing the mob he used these words: "Some of you are known to me and when this affair is finally settles in the courts, you may depend upon it that I will testify against you." A member of the mob was seen to draw a revolver and level it at Governor Atkinson, but his arm was seized and the pistol taken from him. The mob was frantic at delays and would hear to nothing but burning at the stake.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Hose confessed to killing Cranford, but denied that he had outraged Mrs. Cranford. Before being put to death the negro stated that he had been paid $12 by "Lige" Strickland, a negro preacher at Palmetto, to kill Cranford. To-night a mob of citizens is scouring the country for Strickland, who has left his home and will be lynched if caught.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Sam Hose killed Alfred Cranford, a white farmer near Palmetto and outraged his wife ten days ago. Since that time business in that part of the State has been suspended, the entire population turning out in an effort to capture Hose.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Governor Candler has been asked to send troops here to preserve order for a day or two, as it is feared the negroes may wreak vengeance, as many threats to that effect have been made.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>The Detailed Story.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Hose has been on the farm of the Jones brothers, between Macon and Columbus, since the day after he committed his horrible crime. His mother is employed on the farm, and to her little cabin he fled as a safe refuge. She fed him and cared for him, but it is not believed that she knew he was being hunted by the authorities. The Jones brothers were not aware of the crime until a few days ago, and were not sure that he was the much wanted man. Saturday morning one of the Jones boys met Hose and he was talking to him when he noticed that his "ginger" face was ebony black, and just below the collar of his shirt the copper color was discernible. Convinced that the negro had blackened his face to escape detection, Jones became convinced that he was the negro for whom the authorities, assisted by bloodhounds, had been scouring the country for ten days, and then determined to arrest him. Sunday morning they brought the negro into Macon and put him aboard the Central of Georgia train with the intention of bringing him to Atlanta. At Griffin some one recognized Hose and sent word on to Newman [sic], the next station, that the negro was on the train bound for Atlanta. When Newnan was reached a great crowd surrounded the train and pushed into the cars. The Jones brothers were told that the negro could be delivered to the sheriff of Campbell county, and that it was not necessary to take him to Atlanta. This was acceded to, and the negro was taken off the train and marched at the head of a yelling, shouting crowd of 500 people to the jail. Here they turned him over to Sheriff Brown, taking a receipt for the prisoner, thus making themselves sure of the $1,250 reward for the "arrest and delivery to the sheriff of Campbell county, of one San Hose." Word was sent to Mrs. Cranford at Palmetto that it was believed Hose was under arrest and her presence was necessary in Newnan to make sure of the identification. In some way the news of the arrest leaked out, and as the town has been on the alert for nearly two weeks the intelligence spread rapidly. From every house in the little city came its occupants, and a good size crowd was soon gathered about the jail. Sheriff Brown was importuned to give up the prisoner, and finally, in order to avoid an assault on the jail and possible bloodshed, he turned the wretch over to the waiting crowd. A procession was quickly formed and the doomed negro was marched at his head through several streets of the town. Soon the public square was reached.<br />
<br />
<b>An Appeal Made.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
Here they formed and ex-Governor Atkinson, of Georgia, who lives in Newnan, came hurriedly upon the scene and, standing up in a buggy, importuned the crowd to let the law take its course. Governor Atkinson said:<br />
<br />
"My fellow citizens and friends: I beseech you to let this affair go no further. You are hurrying this negro on to death without an identification. Mrs. Cranford, whom he said to have assaulted and whose husband he is said to have killed, is sick in bed and unable to be hereto say whether this is her assailant. Let this negro be returned to the jail. The law will take its course and I promise you it will so quickly and effectively. Do not stain the honor of the State with a crime such as you are about to perform.<br />
<br />
Judge A. D. Freeman, also of Newnan, spoke in a similar strain and implored the mob to return the prisoner to the custody of the sheriff and go home. The assemblage heard the words of the two speakers in silence, but the instant their voices had died away, shouts of "On to Palmetto," "Burn him," and "Think of his crime"arose, and the march was resumed.<br />
<br />
<b>Identified.</b><br />
<br />
Mrs. Cranford's mother and sister are residents of Newnan. The mob was headed in the direction of their house and in a short time reached the McElroy home. The negro was marched in the gate and Mrs. McElroy called to the front door. She identified the African, and her verdict was agreed to by her daughter, who had often seen Hose around the Cranford place. "To the stake" was again the cry, and several men wanted to burn him in Mrs. McElroy's yard. To this she objected strenuously, and the mob, complying with her wish, started for Palmetto.<br />
<br />
Just as they were leaving Newnan word was brought that the 1 o'clock train from Atlanta was bringing 1,000 people to Palmetto. This was thought to be a regiment of militia, and the mob decided to burn the prisoner at the first favorable place rather than be compelled to shoot him when the militia put into sight.<br />
<br />
Leaving the little town whose Sunday had been so rudely disturbed, the mob, which now numbered nearly 1,500 people,started on the road to Palmetto in a line of buggies and vehicles on all kinds, their drivers fighting for position in line, following the procession at the head of which, closely guarded, marched the negro.<br />
<br />
<b>Confessed the Crime.</b><br />
<br />
One and a half miles out of Newnan a place believed to be favorable for the burning was reached. A little to the side of the road stood a strong pine tree. Up to this the negro was marched, his back placed to the tree and his face to the crowd, which jostled closely about him. Here was the first time he was allowed to talk. He said: "I am Sam Hose. I killed Alfred Cranford, but I was paid to do it. Lige Strickland, the negro preacher at Palmetto, gave me $12 to kill him."<br />
<br />
<br />
At this a roar went up from the crowd as the intelligence imparted by the wretch was spread among them. "Let him go on; tell all you know about it," came from the crowd. The negro, shivering like a leaf, continued his recital. "I did not outrage Mrs. Cranford. Somebody else did that. I can identify them. Give me time for that."<br />
<br />
<b>The Horror Begins.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
The mob could hear no more. The clothes were torn from the wretch in an instant. A heavy chain was produced and wound around the body of the terrified wretch, clasped by a new lock, which dangled at Hose's neck. He said not a word to this proceeding, but at the sight of three or four knives flashing in the hands of several members of the crowd about him, which seemed to forecast the terrible ordeal he was about to be put to, he sent up a yell which could be heard for a mile.<br />
<br />
<b>Ante-Mortem Mutilation.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
Instantly a hand grasping a knife shot out, and one of the negro's ears dropped into a hand ready to receive it. Hose pleaded pitifully for mercy, and begged his tormentors to let him die. His cries were unheeded. The second ear went the way of the other. Hardly had he been deprived of his organs of hearing before his fingers, one by one, were taken from his hand and passed among the members of the yelling and now thoroughly maddened crowd. The shrieking wretch was quickly deprived of other portions of his anatomy, and the words,<br />
<br />
<b>"Come on With the Oil"</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
brought a huge can of kerosene to the foot of the tree. The negro, his body covered with blood from head to foot, was striving and tugging at his chains. The can was lifted over the negro's head by three or four men and its contents poured over him. By this time a good supply of brush, pieces of fence rails and firewood had been placed about the negro's feet. This pyre was thoroughly saturated and a match applied.<br />
<br />
<b>The Burning</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
A flame shot upward and spread quickly over the pile of wood. As it licked the negro's legs he shrieked loudly and began tugging at his chains. As the flames crept higher and the smoke entered his eyes and mouth, Hose put the stumps of his hands to the tree back of him and with a terrific plunge forward of his body severed the upper portion of the chain which bound him to the tree. His body, held to the tree only as far as his thighs, lunged forward, thus escaping the flames which roared and crackled about his feet. One of the men nearest the burning negro quickly ran up and pushing him back said:<br />
<br />
"Get back into the fire, there," and quickly coupled the disjointed links of the chain.<br />
<br />
The road for a distance of half a mile on each side of the burning negro was black with conveyances and was simply impassable. The crowd surrounded the stake on all sides, but none of these nearer than 100 feet of the centre were able to see what was going on. Yell after yell went up and the progress of the flames was communicated to those in the rear by shouts from the eye witnesses.<br />
<br />
<b>Horrible Souvenirs.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
The torch was applied about half past 2 and at 3 o'clock the body of Sam Hose was limp and lifeless, his head hanging to one side. The body was not cut down. It was cut to pieces. The crowd fought for places about the smouldering tree and with knives secured such pieces of his carcass as did not fall to pieces. The chain was severed by hammers, the tree was chopped down, and, with such pieces of firewood as had not been burned, was carried away as souvenirs.<br />
<br />
<b>The Constitution's Summary.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
ATLANTA, April 23.—The <i>Constitution</i> will say to-morrow: "The terrible retribution which Sam Hose was forced to pay for his crime will arouse a flood of discussion, carried on by those who know the facts on the one side and by those who do not care for facts on the other.<br />
<br />
"But, while the form of the criminal' [sic] punishment cannot be upheld, let those who are disposed to criticise it look into the facts—and by these facts temper the judgment they may render.<br />
<br />
"An unassuming, industrious and hard-working farmer, after his day toil, sat at his evening meal; around him sat wife and children, happy in the presence of the man who was fulfilling to them every duty imposed by nature. At peace with the world, serving God and loyal to humanity, they looked forward to the coming day.<br />
<br />
"Noiselessly, the murderer, with up lifted axe, advanced in the rear and sank it to the hilt in the brain of the unsuspecting victim.<br />
<br />
"Tearing the child from the mother's breast he flung it into the pool of blood oozing from its father's wounds.<br />
<br />
"Then began that the culmination of which has dethroned the reason of the people of western Georgia during the past week. As critics will howl about the lynching, we will be pardoned for stating the plain facts.<br />
<br />
"The wife was seized and choked, thrown upon the floor, where her clothing lay in the blood of her husband, and ravished.<br />
<br />
"Remember the facts! Remember the dark night in the country home! Remember the slain husband, and above all, remember that shocking degradation which was inflicted by the black beast, his victim swimming in her husband's warm blood as the brute held her to the floor!<br />
<br />
"Keep the facts in mind! When the picture is painted of the ravisher in flames, go back and view that darker picture of Mrs. Cranford outraged in the blood of her murdered husband!"<br />
<br />
<b>Special Train from Atlanta,</b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">ATLANTA, </span>April 23.—One special and two regular trains carried nearly 4,000 people to Newnan to witness the burning of Sam Hose, or to visit the scene of the horrible affair. The excursionists returning to night were loaded down with ghastly reminders of the affair in the shape of bones, pieces of flesh and parts of the wood which was placed at the negro's feet.<br />
<br />
One of the trains as it passed through Fort McPherson, four miles out of Atlanta, wasstoned—presumably by negroes. A number of windows were broken, and two passengers were painfully injured.<br />
<br />
<b>Prepared for Trouble.</b><br />
<br />
Governor Candler stated during the evening that he had been advised that a mob of citizens of Fayetteville and Woolsy were coming to Atlanta to take George W. Kerlin from jail here and lynch. Kerlin murdered Miss Pearl Knott near Woolsy several days ago and threw her body in the river. The Governor immediately ordered eight companies of the Fifth infantry (State militia) to be in readiness to march to the jail under orders. It is believed, however, that the troops are held in readiness to be sent to Palmetto in case of an uprising of negroes.<br />
<br />
<b>What Gov. Candler Says.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">ATLANTA</span>, April 23.—Gov. Candler to-night gave the Associated Press the following statement on the burning of Sam Hose near Newnan, Ga: "The whole thing is deplorable and Hose's crime, the horrid details of which have not been published, and are too horrible for publication, is the most diabolical in the annals of crime. The negroes of that community lost the best opportunity they will ever have to elevate themselves in the estimation of their white neighbors. The diabolical nature of the double crime was well known to every one of them; the perpetrator was well known, and they owed it to their race to exhaust every means to bring Hose to justice,[sic] This course would have done more to elevate them in the estimation of good people and to protect their race against the mob than all the rewards and proclamations of all the governors f9or the next 50 years. But they lost the opportunity, and it is a deplorable fact that while scores of intelligent negroes, leaders of their race, have talked to me about the Palmetto lynching, not one of them has ever, in the remotest way, alluded to either the burning of Palmetto, which provoked the lynching, nor the diabolical crime of Hose. I do not believe these men sympathized with Hose or the Palmetto incendiaries, but they blinded by race prejudice, and can see but one side of the question. This is unfortunate. They must learn to look at both sides. I want to protect them in every legal right and against mob violence, and I stand ready to employ every resource of the State in doing so, but they must realize in order to merit and receive the protection of the community, they must show a willingness to at least aid in protecting the community against the lawless element of their own race. The good and law-abiding negroes must separate themselves from the lawless and criminal element. They must denounce crime and aid in bringing criminals to justice, whether they be black or white. In this way they can do no more to protect themselves than all the courts and juries in the State can do. To secure protection against lawless whites, they must show a disposition to protect the white people against lawless blacks."<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i>My next post will also be about the Sam Hose lynching. There was a lot of discussion and editorials about the lynching afterward; that I think it would be too long to cover them in this post.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>Information on the lynching of Lige Strickland can be found <a href="http://strangefruitandspanishmoss.blogspot.com/2016/07/april-24-1899-lige-strickland.html" target="_blank">here</a>. </i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder. </i></div>
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Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com0Newnan, GA, USA33.3806716 -84.79965729999997833.2745941 -84.961018799999977 33.4867491 -84.63829579999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-90914215731054321252017-09-08T13:54:00.002-05:002018-08-25T14:57:13.306-05:00November 10, 1918: William Bird<div style="text-align: center;">
<i> To put today's lynching into some historical context,
Mr. Bird was lynched 5-8 hours before Germany signed the
Armistice ending World War I. We were that close to the end of
a major war and people were still lynching black men for
little things like disturbing the peace. Please keep this in
mind if you wonder why there is so much anger over Confederate
monuments or events like the one in Charlottesville. The
papers didn't provide much information about the lynching
we're covering today. However, this lynching is connected with
a lynching we covered on November 12, 2014. George Whitesede
was lynched for the murder of a policeman. Our first article
covers both lynchings and is from The Concord Times (Concord,
North Carolina) dated November 12, 1918:</i><br />
<br />
<b>LYNCHING IN ALABAMA</b><br />
________<br />
<b><br />Self Confessed Slayer of Policeman Taken from Jail
and Lynched.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Sheffield, Ala., Nov. 12.—Geo Whiteside, a negro self
confessed slayer of John Graham, a Policeman of Sheffield was
taken from the Colbert County jail by a mob early today and
lynched.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Shortly afterward the mob left for Russellville, 20
miles south of here, some of their leaders declaring they
would lynch Henry Willingham, and Charles Hamilton, two other
negroes arrested in connection with the killing. They were
taken to Russellville for safekeeping after William Bird,
another negro implicated in the affair, had been lynched
Sunday night.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>It is unknown whether Mr. Bird actually did have
something to do with the killing of policeman Graham. No other
paper hints that he was involved. They simply mention that he
was lynched for "creating a disturbance." Our next and final
article is from The Courier-Journal (Louisville, Kentucky)
dated November 11, 1918:</i><br />
<br />
<b>NEGRO TAKEN FROM JAIL BY ALABAMA MOB AND
HANGED</b><br />
________<br />
<br />
Sheffield, Ala., Nov. 10 (by A. P.)—William Bird, a
negro, was taken from the jail here to-night by a mob of about
100 men and hanged. Bird was captured and placed in jail this
afternoon after a running fight with officers following a
disturbance he was said to have created in the lower section
of Sheffield. The negro was surrendered to the mob without
violence.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we
leave you with something to ponder.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com1Sheffield, AL, USA34.7650887 -87.698640734.7129057 -87.7793217 34.8172717 -87.6179597tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-38451118471079812792017-08-18T16:31:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:57:29.607-05:00August 1, 1917: Frank Little<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our lynching today stems from labor issues going on in
Montana. Our first paper is The Wichita Beacon (Wichita,
Kansas) dated August 1, 1917:</i><br />
<br />
<b>HANG AN I.W.W. TO A TRESTLE</b><br />
_______<br />
<br />
SHORT SHIFT FOR FRANK LITTLE, TRAITOR<br />
________<br />
<br />
CALLED SOLDIERS SCABS<br />
________<br />
<br />
BUTTE MOB TAKES EXECUTIVE FROM BOARDING HOUSE<br />
________<br />
<br />
He Had Been Prominent in Labor Troubles in Arizona—
Incendiary Speech Cause of Lynching.<br />
________<br />
<br />
Butte, Mont., Aug. 1—Frank Little, member of the
executive board of the Industrial Workers of the World, and
prominent in labor troubles in Arizona, was taken from a
lodging house early today by masked men and hanged to a
railroad trestle on the outskirts of a city.<br />
<b><br />Body is Identified.</b><br />
The body was cut down at 8 a. m. by the chief of
police, Jerry Murphy, who identified it. Little, in a recent
speech here, referred to United States troops as "Uncle Sam's
scabs in uniform. <br />
<b><br />Had Talked Much.</b><br />
Since his arrival in Butte recently from Globe, Ariz.,
Little had made a number of speeches to strikers in all of
which he had attacked the government and urged the men to shut
down the mines of the Butte district. He was bitter in his
denunciation of the government. His record was under
investigation by the Federal authorities whose attention had
been called to his activities. On the other hand, the report
was current that Little was in the employ of a prominent
detective agency and one theory was that he was the victim of
the radical element of whom he appeared to be a
member.<br />
<b><br />Wrote to a Governor.</b><br />
Little took a very prominent part in recent labor
troubles in Arizona. He addressed a wire to Governor Campbell
of Arizona, protesting against the deportation of I. W. W.
members from Bisbee. This letter was written from Salt Lake.
Governor Campbell replied, telling Little he resented his
interference and his threats. Little was understood to have
the confidence of William D. Haywood, secretary of the I. W.
W. national organization, and was regarded as one Haywood's
confidential agents.<br />
<b><br />Hanged Him Naked.</b><br />
Little was a cripple but very active and a forceful
speaker. On Little's body was a card bearing the words "First
and Last Warning, Others Take Notice. Vigilantes." Little,
when taken out of the building in which he roomed, was not
given time to dress.<br />
<b><br />By the Old Sign.</b><br />
The card found on Little's body when he was cut down
was pinned to the underclothing on his right thigh. It bore in
red crayon letters the inscription:<br />
<br />
"Others Take Notice. First and Last Warning. 3-7-77.
L. D. C. S. S. W. T."<br />
<br />
A circle was about the letter "L." The letters were
inscribed with a lead pencil.<br />
<br />
The figures "3-7-77" are the old sign of the
vigilantes in Montana. The custom of the vigilantes was to
send three warnings to a marked man, the last being written in
red.<br />
<b><br />Only Six in Party.</b><br />
Six masked men in an automobile drove up to the front
of Little's hotel at five minutes after three. One stood upon
the sidewalk in front of the rooming house. The others entered
the house. Everything worked by seeming pre-arrangement.<br />
<br />
Without speaking, the men quickly broke into room No.
30 on the ground floor. Light from an electric torch showed
them the room was unoccupied.<br />
<br />
Mrs. Nora Byrne, landlady of the hotel awoke when the
door to room No. 30 was broken in. She occupied an adjoining
room at the front of the building.<br />
<br />
"Some mistake here," she heard a voice say. Then she
heard the men move to the door of her room which they pushed
slightly open. Mrs. Byrne sprang to the door and held it.
"Wait until I get my clothes on," she said. Then she asked who
they were and what they wanted. "We are officers and we want
Frank Little," one of the men told her.<br />
<b><br />Landlady Directs Them.</b><br />
"Mrs. Byrne got into a bathrobe, again went to the
door and opened it. The leader of the masked men poked a
revolver into the opening. "Where is Frank Little?" he
asked.<br />
<br />
"He is in room No. 32," answered Mrs. Byrne. The men
ran down the hall and tried the door to that room. Then one of
their number gave it a kick that broke the lock and they
entered.<br />
<br />
Mrs. Byrne said she heard them coming from the
room.<br />
<b><br />She Saw Him Last.</b><br />
"I saw them half lead and half carry Little across the
sidewalk and push him into the waiting motor car."<br />
<br />
Little began to make speeches on the day of his
arrival in Butte three weeks ago. In all of them he attacked
the government. On July 19, before a mass meeting of miners,
Little referred to the United States soldiers as "Uncle Sam's
scabs in uniform." In the same speech he said:<br />
<br />
"If the mines are taken under federal control we will
make it so damned hot for the government that it will not be
able to send any troops to France."<br />
<br />
Referring in another address to his interview recently
with Governor Campbell of Arizona, Little said that he used
these words: "Governor, I don't give a d—— what your country
is fighting for; I am fighting for the solidarity of
labor."<br />
<b><br />His Latest Tirade.</b><br />
Last Friday night, before the Metal Mine Workers'
Union, Little said:<br />
<br />
"A city ordinance is simply a piece of paper which can
be torn up. The same can be said of the Constitution of the
United States."<br />
<br />
Following the identification of Little's body, local
members of the I. W. W. telegraphed appeals for aid. A message
was sent to William D. Haywood at Chicago. It was said that a
message was received from Haywood saying the resources of the
organization would be employed to bring the lynchers of Little
to justice.<br />
<br />
Early in the day men gathered at Finn Hall,
headquarters of the Metal Mine Workers' Union, and threats
were made against "gunmen" said to be employed here.<br />
<br />
This afternoon steps probably will be taken by the
local I. W. W. to protect other leaders here. At Union Hall
threats were made by individuals against local
newspapers.<br />
________<br />
<b><br />Haywood Hears It.</b><br />
Chicago, Aug. 1.—Frank Little had been identified with
the Industrial Workers of the World since 1906. His home was
Fresno, Cal. He was 38 years old and single.<br />
<br />
Word of his death was received with emotion by W. D.
Haywood, secretary of the national organization of the I. W.
W.<br />
________<br />
<b><br />His Threat to Governor.</b><br />
Salt Lake, Utah, Aug. 1.—Little, the I. W. W.
organizer lynched today at Butte, telegraphed Governor Campell
of Arizona, from here July 17 as follows regarding the
deportation from that sate of members of the I. W.
W.:<br />
<br />
"Understand that the mine owners' mob will take same
action at Globe and Miami, as was taken at Bisbee. The
membership of the I. W. W. is getting tired of the lawlessness
of the capitalistic class and will no longer stand for such
action. If you, as governor, can not uphold the law, we will
take same into our own hands. Will you act or must
we?"<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><br />Our next article is from Argus-Leader (Sioux Falls,
South Dakota dated on August 2, 1917:</i><br />
<br />
<b>LABOR TROUBLE WILL BE CURBED WITH FIRM
HAND</b>
<br />
________<br />
<br />
<b>Government Plans Drastic Action to Meet
Disturbances Throughout the West</b><br />
________<br />
<br />
<b>BACKED BY GERMAN AGENTS</b><br />
________<br />
<br />
<b>Nothing Will Be Left Undone to Prevent Tie Up of
Nation's War Industries</b><br />
________<br />
<br />
Chicago, Aug. 2.—William D. Haywood, secretary of the
national organization of the Industrial Workers of the World,
received a telegram today saying that the funeral of Frank
Little, member of the executive committee of the I. W. W., who
was hanged by a mob in Butte, Mont., would be either in
Fresno, Cal., his old home, or in Chicago. The funeral the
message said, would be marked by a demonstration of protest by
the Industrial Workers of the World.<br />
________<br />
<br />
Washington, Aug. 2.—Drastic action by the government
to meet the labor disturbances in the west and southwest which
officials are sure have been stirred up by German propaganda
will be taken if the situation shows any growth.<br />
<br />
Intimations of an attempt to call out the United Mine
Workers should the government intervene on behalf of the
Industrial Workers of the World in labor disputes in certain
sections of the west have resulted in the department of
justice undertaking a broad general inquiry.<br />
<br />
The inquiry has not yet reached the stage where
definite action has been formulated by officials assert that
nothing possible will be left undone to prevent the tie up of
industries deemed vital in the conduct of the war.<br />
<br />
<b>Study Butte Lynching.</b><br />
Butte, Mont., Aug. 2.—Attorney General Ford and County
Attorney Jackson conferred today with a view to determining
upon a course of action in respect to the lynching of Frank H.
Little, chairman of the general executive board of the I. W.
W. national organization, who was hanged by masked men on the
outskirts of Butte early yesterday morning.The police and
sheriff say they are without clews[sic] thus far as to the
identity of the lynchers. Despite the fact that William
Sullivan, counsel for the Metal Mine Workers' Union, declares
he knows the identity of five of the men, the authorities do
not credit his declaration.<br />
<br />
<b>Guardsmen on Hand.</b><br />
Two companies of the national guardsmen were in Butte
this morning, one having arrived last night from Bozeman. The
other has been here for some time.<br />
<br />
Among Little's personal effects was found an envelope
containing ashes. Upon the envelope was the title "Ashes of Joe
Hill." It is supposed that the ashes were those from the
cremated body of Frank Hillstrom an I. W. W., executed at the
Utah state prison for murder.<br />
<br />
<b>Identify the Lynchers.</b><br />
In a bulletin issued by the Metal Mine Workers' union
today the statement is made that the name of five of the
lynching party are known.<br />
<br />
"Two of these men and one is connected with law
enforcement in the city."<br />
<br />
The bulletin adds:<br />
<br />
"Threats have already been made that if we succeed in
convicting those who committed this crime we will never live
to tell it. We want to inform them that three copies of every
bit of information we have are deposited in three different
places to be used in case they succeed in getting any of us.
We know already that alibis were prepared in advance for every
one of the murderers yet we have evidence that will break
every alibi completely and when we finish some very prominent
murderers will be headed for the gallows or Deer Lodge
penitentiary."<br />
<br />
William G. Sullivan, lawyer, retained by the union,
would not disclose their names today. Sheriff O'Rourke
interviewed Sullivan but said he obtained no information from
him.<br />
<br />
<b>Not Planning Strike.</b><br />
Indianapolis, Ind., Aug. 2.—The idea of intimations of
attempts to call out the United Mine Workers of America should
the government not intervene in behalf of Industrial Workers
of the World in labor disputes in certain sections of the
west, was ridiculed and branded as misleading and incorrect
today by William Green, secretary-treasurer of the United Mine
Workers.<br />
<br />
Mr. Green last night made public telegrams he sent to
President Wilson and others protesting against the deportation
of members of the United Mine Workers. At the same time he
specifically stated his protest was not because of any action
taken regarding the Industrial Workers but because of an
alleged deportation of United Mine Workers from a tent colony
at Gallup, N. M.<br />
<br />
"Statements that there were intimations of an attempt
to call out the United Mine Workers should the government not
intervene in behalf of the I. W. W. are incorrect and
misleading," he said.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article is from Pittston Gazette (Pittston,
Pennsylvania) August 6, 1917:</i><br />
<br />
BUTTE FACES STRIKES AS RESULT LYNCHING<br />
<br />
Butte, Mont., Aug. 6.—Butte today was facing several
additional strikes which threatened to tie up all industries
of the city, as a direct result of the lynching of Frank
Little, the 1.[sic] W. W. leader last week.<br />
<br />
All mine engineers are the latest craftsmen to declare
their intention of striking, according to leaders of the Metal
Workers' union. This would completely shut down the mining
industries.<br />
<br />
No attempt was being made by the street car company to
break the strike of carmen and no cars had moved since the
strike was called Saturday morning.<br />
<br />
Union leaders declared that 12,000 miners miners are
still out as a result of the original miners' strike and that
less than three per cent. of the miners have deserted the
union. The mining officials, on the other hand, claimed that
many union men have deserted the union and operating
conditions are becoming normal.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our final article is from the San Francisco Chronicle
(San Francisco, California) dated August 27, 1917:</i><br />
<b></b><br />
<b>STRIKE SPREADS IN BUTTE MINES</b><br />
________<br />
<b></b><br />
<b>I W. W. Man Held in Connection With Little
Lynching</b><br />
<br />
BUTTE (Mont.), August 26.—Butte's streets today were
crowded with thousands of miners, idle because of the shutdown
of all the copper mines of the district, made necessary by the
closing Friday of the Washoe smelting plant of the Anaconda
Copper Mining Company at Anaconda, when of 3000 men employed
on the day shift only 110 reported for work. It is expected
that the company's plant in Great Falls will be closed down
within a day or two, as soon as the ore in transit has been
sent through the smelter.<br />
<br />
C. A. McCarthy, alias Albright, is held in the City
Jail in connection with the lynching of Frank H. Little,
national exectuvie board member of the Industrial Workers of
the World. McCarthy, local executive member of the I. W. W.,
was arrested several days ago. He denies any knowledge of the
Little affair.<br />
<br />
Indications are that the independent mines of the
district, which did not shut down Friday, will be compelled to
cease operations in the near future. These include the zinc-
producing properties, among them the Butte and Superior, Elm
Orlu and others. Miners gradually are failing to report for
work at the Independent properties.<br />
<br />
There is a belief here that the machinsts' union will
declare a strike soon. The machinists have formulated new
demands, which they declare they will insist upon.<br />
<br />
Several weeks ago they accepted the agreement reached
between the operating companies and State Metal Trades
Council.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><br /></i>
<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we
leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Butte, MT, USA46.0038232 -112.5347775000000245.2966787 -113.82567100000001 46.7109677 -111.24388400000002tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-89621593292311202812017-08-11T02:00:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:57:46.898-05:00June 20, 1917: Ben Harper<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our lynching today comes from The Times (Shreveport, Louisiana)
dated June 24, 1917:</i><br />
<br />
<b>Courtney, Texas, Is Quiet After Lynching Of Negro
Wednesday</b><br />
________<br />
<br />
Courtney, Texas, June 23.—The populace of this little
town resumed normal activities Saturday following excitement
due to the lynching Wednesday of Ben Harper, negro chauffeur,
who while celebrating emancipation day with a party of
negroes, drove his automobile into a horse on which Iola
Goodrum, 12 years, of Navasota, was riding. A moment later she
was killed when an oncoming automobile carrying another party
of negroes ran over her.<br />
<br />
Seven other negroes are held in the Grimes county jail
at Anderson in connection with the case, but authorities say
they do not fear further violence.<br />
<br />
Harper, with seven companions, was arrested after the
inquest into the death of the Goodrum girl, but escaped while
being taken to Anderson. His body was found Thursday morning
hanging from a tree near the spot where the girl was
killed.<br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Courtney, TX, USA30.2671552 -96.0599571999999854.0886492000000025 -137.36855119999998 56.4456612 -54.751363199999986tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-75736997216617516522017-08-05T16:25:00.001-05:002018-08-25T14:58:00.365-05:00December 12, 1917: Wade Hampton<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Today we'll be looking at the lynching of Wade Hamilton
in Rock Springs, Wyoming. It's unknown whether this was
actually the man's name because only one article lynches it
and it's facts differ from two other articles. Our first
article is from the Ogden Standard (Ogden, Utah) dated
December 12, 1917:</i><br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>ROCK SPRINGS HAS A LYNCHING BEE OVER NEGRO</b><br />
________<br />
<br />
According to advices received in Ogden today, twenty-
five infuriated and determined men appeared at the city jail
in Rock Springs, Wyo., early today, overpowered the jailer,
took an unidentified negro from his cell and hanged to a
railroad bridge north of town. The negro had been molesting
wihte[sic] women in the vicinity of Blairstown, a suburb of
Rock Springs.<br />
<br />
Details accompanying the abrupt execution of the negro
are lacking. It is known, however, that the victim of the mob
had been terrorizing the women residing near the mining camp
for some time and that murmurings of a lynching had been in
circulation. The men were unmasked when they appeared at the
jail and demanded the culprit. Upon being refused they used
such force as was necessary to obtain the keys and take the
prisoner.<br />
<br />
The body was left dangling to the bridge stringer. It
was found there this afternoon by passersby. No snots[sic]were
fired. The mob was well organized and orderly.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next little blurb is from the Gastonia Gazette
(Gastonia, North Carolina) dated December 14,
1917:</i><br />
<br />
<b>Lynching in Wyoming</b><br />
<br />
Rock Springs, Wyo., Dec. 12.—An unidentified negro
charged with molesting women residents of Blairtown, a suburb,
was taken from the city jail today and hanged to a railroad
bridge. Twenty-five citizens overpowered the jailer at the
city prison to secure the negro.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our last article has a different take on the number of
people involved in the lynching. It is from the Greeley Daily
Tribune (Greeley, Colorado) and is dated December 20,
1917:</i><br />
<br />
BUT THREE MEN PARTICIPATED IN ROCK SPRINGS LYNCHING<br />
<br />
Cheyenne, Dec. 20—That the negro lynching at Rock Springs
on the night of Dec. 11 was participated in by only three men in
the surprising feature of the report of the affair received by
Governor Houx. The prosecuting attorney states that if the
"mob" had more than three members the others were
invisible.<br />
<br />
Wade Hamilton, the victim of the lynching, was
arrested the day previous to his' death on the charge of
assaulting three white women. The district attorney stated
that the discovery of the identity of the three lynchers will
be a matter of pure luck as they carefully safeguarded
themselves the night of the lynching. </div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Thank you for joining us and, as always, we hope we leave
you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com2Rock Springs, WY, USA41.587464399999988 -109.202904341.397491399999986 -109.5256278 41.77743739999999 -108.8801808tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-31023737827403677362017-06-20T20:12:00.003-05:002018-08-25T14:58:17.854-05:00December 27, 1880: Joseph Snyder<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our lynching today comes out of The
Daily Union-Leader (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania) published
December 29, 1880:</i><br />
<br />
<br />
<b>THE FIRST LYNCHING EVER KNOWN IN
PENNSYLVANIA</b><br />
————<br />
<b>Full Particulars of the
Double Tragedy Near Bethlehem—A Horrible and Graphic Recital—
How the Crime Was Committed—Flight and Discovery of the
Murderer, Etc.</b><br />
————<br />
<b> The Murderer Found in a Hay Loft.</b><br />
<br />
EASTON, Pa., Dec. 27— Two crimes of the most terrible and
most sickening character, by which three human beings have
been deprived of their existence. were committeed[sic] within
the past twenty-four hours at a little settlement called
Santee's Mills, a few miles from Easton. The story is not a
pleasant one to read.<br />
Joseph Snyder is a worker in the Coleman Ore Mine, was
about twenty-eight years of age, a German by birth, of
muscular build and not bad looking. He had lived for some time
as a boarder in the family of Mr. Jacob Gogle, of whose
daughter he became enamored. Alice was but fourteen years old
and her parents objected to the acceptance of Snyder as a
husband. Thus there arose ill-feeling between Snyder and Mr.
And Mrs. Gogle.<br />
<br />
About eleven o'clock last night Snyder arose from his
bed, and entering in a nude state the room where Mr. and Mrs.
Gogle were sleeping brained each of them with an axe. He then
sought the chamber of the young girl whom he had professed to
love. With her there at the time a girl named Clara Young, was
paying her a visit, and her younger sister, Mary. Snyder here
conducted himself in a shameless and brutal manner, and the
terrified girls—two of them mere children—screamed at the top
of their voices.<br />
<br />
Clara and Mary, crying "Murder!" ran down stairs into
the room of Mr. and Mrs. Gogle and crouched, trembling with
fear, upon the foot of their bed. Hearing no sound from the
couple whom they supposed to be there the strange silence
increased their terror, and Miss Young, hastily springing to
the floor, struck a match upon the wall. The scene that met
their gaze under the feeble rays of the match was enough to
freeze the blood of older and braver hearts. Mr. and Mrs.
Gogle were there, but they were apparently dead. The bed
clothing and even the walls were covered with blood. Overcome,
almost faint with horror, the girls gave only one glance, and
then tottered headlong from the room and mounted the stairs
screaming.<br />
<br />
The murderer, bravely repulsed by Alice Gogle, was
still in her room ; but when he heard the approach of Clara
and Mary he savagely seized them, and, pushing them into
another room, locked the door. They remained for some time
shivering with both cold and terror, but the door was finally
unlocked and they were allowed to go into another room, above
the kitchen, which was warmer. The murderer then went down
stairs and taking off his shirt burned it in the stove. The
girls remained locked in the second room for several hours
until they were almost dead with fright and suspense. Alice
Gogle, looking through a pipe hole in the floor, saw the
murderer putting his shirt in the stove. She asked him what he
was doing, and he replied that it was not his shirt but some
shingles that he was burning. She told him that she knew it
was his shirt.<br />
<br />
Snyder now went out and alarmed the neighbors, telling
them that a murder had been committed at Gogle's house. He did
not appear excited or concerned in the least, but while the
neighbors were assembling he took care to disappear. This was
about four o'clock this morning, and several neighbors had
already come to the house where the murder had been committed.
Word was at once sent to Bethlehem and other places in the
county, and in a short time a very large crowd had assembled,
among whom was Detective Yoke, of Bethlehem. A systematic
investigation was then commenced.<br />
<br />
The excitement and confusion were great, and little or
nothing had yet been done toward caring for the children or
looking for the murderer. Threats of lynching were at once
made contingent upon the finding of the murderer. The two
murdered people were well known as good and worthy persons,
and that so horrible a crime should have been committed for so
foul an end by one who lived in the house of his victims was
exasperating in the extreme and provoked the bitterest
menaces. The farmers and neighbors, though excited in action,
seeming, in talking of vengeance, perfectly cool and clear. It
was altogether a singular scene, and was followed by one still
more remarkable for a peaceful county like Northampton. This
was the hanging of the murderer by a crowd of men who uttered
neither curses nor reproaches, but pulled hard and calmly on
the end of a rope to the other end of which a human being was
swinging into eternity.<br />
<br />
Shortly after the arrival of Detective Yoke, he, with
others, commenced a search for the murderer. They were a long
time engaged in tracing every footprint in the snow, but could
find none that seemed to lead to his hiding place. For hours
the murderer was hunted without success. Finally Detective
Yoke concluded to search Captain Keller's barn, and while in a
loft that contained sheaves of wheat he hand touched something
which, on being brought to the surface, was found to be a
man's arm, and a voice was heard to say, "It's me." The
detective asked if it was Snyder, and, receiving an answer in
the affirmative, ordered him to hold up both hands. The
murderer obeyed and the detective handcuffed him, at the same
time taking from him a revolver.<br />
<br />
The report that Snyder was found spread like wild-
fire, but the fact that he had been armed caused the greatest
portion of the crowd to keep out of harm's way until they were
assured that the detective had the weapon. As soon as possible
he was removed to the house where his victims were still lying
on their bloody couch. While he was on his way threats of
lynching were made on all sides, growing louder and more numerous, and the desire to take the matter out of the hands
of the law seemed to have reached a stage where it was no
longer controllable. It was found that there was a rope in the
possession of one of the men in the crowd, who had taking it
from a bedstead in the upper part of the Gogle house, probably
with the intention of applying it to the fatal use for which
destiny had reserved it. This was about nine o'clock, over an
hour after the murderer had been found by Detective Yoke. This
officer resisted to the best of his ability the advances of
the crowd, which now became thoroughly infuriated. One of the
most frequent expressions heard was a determination to spare
the county the expense of a trial and the risk of an evasion
of justice.<br />
<br />
The example of Allen C. Laros, who escaped hanging on
the plea of insanity, was of great force in producing the
result which followed. The people entered the house,
overpowered the detective, threw him out of the door and
marched the murderer to a tree in the front yard, where he was
told to prepare for death. He begged for a reprieve of an
hour, but it was denied him. The detective attempted to
intercede, assuring the lynchers that the murderer could not
escape being hanged if they permitted him to be tried by a
jury and that the District Attorney had been sent for and was
momently expected. His pleading was of no avail, and the
prisoner was quickly hoisted into the air. He died instantly,
his neck being broken. The crowd then threw snow in his face
and on his body. After hanging twenty minutes the latter was
cut down by the poor house authorities and taken to that
institution.<br />
<br />
The Coroner's jury was at this time holding an inquest
on the bodies of Mr. and Mrs. Gogel[sic], and so quietly was
the hanging done that they did not know what had taken place
till informed that the man was dead. Snyder was very cool and
collected, admitted committing the deed and only asked for
time that he might be given a trial by jury.<br />
<br />
The girls gave their story to the Coroner's jury and
verdict was rendered that Mr. and Mrs. Gogle had died from
blows given them by Snyder.<br />
<br />
All day long the scene of the tragedy has been visited
by crowds of people, several hundred going out from Easton
alone. The detectives will spare no pains in arresting the
persons who were implicated in the lynching of the murderer.
It is claimed that nearly two hundred men were concerned in
it, led, however, by one man whose name up to this writing has
not been revealed. He was fired upon by Detective York, but
without effect.<br />
<br />
Mr. Gogle was a miner and worked in the mines near his
residence. He was thirty-eight years old and his wife was
thirty-four. They were both natives of this county. The
victims presented a horrible and sickening appearance. Their
skulls were crushed in, the wounds showing that the murderer
had struck them with the blade of the axe. The walls of the
room and the bedclothes were bespattered with blood.<br />
<br />
During the interval between the arrest of the murderer
and the lynching he told the following story :—"I wanted to
live with the girl, but her parents would not let me. We had
quarrelled[sic] about it yesterday afternoon. In the evening I went
to bed determined to get square with them. I waited until they
were all asleep and there was quietness int he house. About
eleven o'clock I got up, took an axe and entered the room of
the old folks. They were sound asleep. I struck them both
several times and left them dead. I then went to the room of
the girls. I put them into another room and burned the shirt I
had on, which was bloody. I then aroused the neighbors and hid
up in Ritter's barn. I did the deed, and suppose they will
hang me for it."<br />
<br />
The Coroner held an inquest upon the body of Snyder
this afternoon and rendered a verdict to the effect that the
deceased came to his death by hanging, and that parties who
committed the deed were to the jury unknown. It is generally
believed that the murderer committed a terrible outrage upon
the girl Alice after killing her parents, although she denies
that he did so.<br />
<br />
District Attorney Anstett visited the scene this
morning and at once commenced investigating the case. He will,
if possible bring the lynchers to justice. The quick action of
the lynchers is commended by a large number of citizens of
Easton, while other indignantly condemn it.<br />
<br />
The hanging of Joseph Snyder is, according to the
oldest police officers and detectives whom I have been able to
see, the first case of lynching that has occurred in this
State. There have been several instances, however, in which
the populace have come very near resorting to illegal
violence. The more prominent among these happened when Mike
Doyle and Ned Kelly were arrested for the murder of the Summit
Hill mine boss, John P. Jones. The citizens at Tamaqua and
Landsford turned out in two bodies to lynch them, being
provided with ropes and a plentiful supply of arms, but they
were outwitted by the Coal and Iron
police.<br />
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Thank you for joining us and, as always, we hope we
leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Easton, PA, USA40.688432 -75.22073230000000940.592096 -75.3820938 40.784768 -75.059370800000011tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-82822012040870170072017-05-24T09:30:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:58:31.186-05:00August 19, 1874: Tennessee Massacre<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>The lynchings that we'll be covering today are
outrageous. It was heard across the United States, but today
is relatively unknown. Like the lynching of Washington and
Johnson mentioned earlier this week, this lynching was the
result of tensions due to Reconstruction. I want to apologize
ahead of time because this post is going to be very
long.<br /><br />Our first article about the lynchings is from
the county where it occurred. It is covered by The Milan
Exchange (Cairo, Illinois) published August 27,
1874:</i><br />
<br />
THE WAR BEGUN!<br />
————<br />
<b>COMMENCING AT
PICKETTVILLE!<br />————<br />"Cleaning out the Country"—
Twelve Fiends Arrested and Imprisoned!<br />————<br />An
Outraged People Rise Up in their Majesty and Lynch them!
</b><br />
<br />
For several weeks past vague rumors have been afloat
of the negroes in this and Carroll counties arming and
drilling regularly. It is said they have quietly bought all
the buckshot that could be had in several country stores, and
none of them have been seen hunting lately. Two weeks ago it
was suggested by a number of our citizens that it would be
well to organize a company here for guard and police duty, but
our citizens thought it unnecessary and imprudent and the
matter was dropped. Now, in view of the occurrences of the
past few days, we think it very important that something
should be done at once. We should have a military company in
each town in the State. The issue is forced upon us and we
dare not disregard it. The safety of our families may depend
upon it. Our neighbors in the villages around are calling on
us for help and we have no organized force to help ourselves.
Read the following and judge whether we are saying too much
when we urge prompt action on the part of our
citizens.<br />
<br />
Saturday night as James Warren and Monroe Morgan were
going home from Pickettville, a band of thirty or forty
negroes, ambuscaded just below the village, fired upon them
and wounded Morgan's mule, peppering its head and shoulder
with shot. Morgan and Warren fled back to Pickettville and
gave the alarm. A posse was soon out in pursuit of the dusky
fiends, and twelve of them were caught that night and Sunday
and held for trial Monday. THe news of the trouble reached
Milan Sunday morning, and it was rumored that the citizens of
that section needed assistance and protection from threatened
destruction by the blacks. A party of thirty of our citizens
immediately equipped themselves and repaired to the scene of
the action. When they reached Pickettville they found
considerable excitement, but no one hurt, and apprehending no
further trouble they returned.<br />
<br />
Monday the negroes were tried at Pickettville before
Esqs. Fly, Parker and Jordan, and all twelve were committed.
They confessed their guilt, stating that they were organized
and designed "cleaning up" the whites and controlling this
country themselves. They mentioned three companies in this
county—one at Humboldt, commanded by one Reagon, another at
Hope Hill, commanded by Rial Burrow, and the one near
Pickettville, under the immediate command of Col. Josh Webb,
who says they have endured the whites as long as they can and
must exterminate them and take charge of the farms and rule
this country as they see fit.<br />
<br />
Three or four hundred men were present at the trial,
coming from various parts of the country to witness the trial
of the would-be destroyers of their families and homes. Great
excitement was manifested by the crowd; however, no
demonstrations of violence were made toward the prisoners, who
appeared very impudent, intimating that this was but the
beginning—that we might check them for a while, but an issue
must and would come.<br />
<br />
Writs were issued for fifteen others, but as yet only
two or three of them have been taken, among whom is Rial
Burrow, captain of the Hope Hill clan. Considerable excitement
prevails throughout the country, every citizen being on the
alert and many of the negroes frightened.<br />
<br />
It is rumored that two white women have been killed
near Pickettville, but we have as yet not been able to trace
it to anything definite. The mayor of Trenton, we learn,
telegraphed to Jackson to hold a company in readiness, and an
engine and train is at that point, ready to move at a moment's
notice.<br />
<br />
We have reliable information that a party of about
eighty men went to Trenton Tuesday night and took sixteen
negroes from the jail. Up to the time of going to press six of
their bodies had been found riddled with bullets. It is
supposed the others were killed and left in the swamp near
that place.<br />
<br />
LATEST<br />
<br />
L. M. Jones telegraphs from Trenton to
Gen. Campbell, at Jackson, that the excitement is without any
real foundation and the help will not be needed.<br />
<br />
It is due to the negroes here to say that they have
made no demonstration and seem perfectly quiet, for which they
deserve commendation.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article comes from The Indianapolis News
(Indianapolis, IN) and is dated August 27, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
The negroes at Picketville, Gibson county, six miles
from Humboldt, Tennessee, last Saturday and Sunday, threatened
a riot on account of some supposed wrong done them, and
manifested a strong desire to kill two or three citizens and
fire and sack the town. On Tuesday sixteen ringleaders were
arrested, taken to Trenton and placed in jail for safe
keeping. About 1 o'clock next morning, 75 to 100 men entered
the town, rode up to the jail, demanded and compelled the
Sheriff to deliver up the keys. After the maskers had obtained
possession of the prisoners they tied them together and
marched off on the Huntington road. Half a mile from town six
of the number were cut loose and ordered to escape, and as
soon as that command was given a full volley was fired upon
them, killing four and wounding the other two, one mortally.
The remainder were carried up the river two miles and killed.
Their remains were collected and are being taken care of. On
the assembling of the court several speeches were made by the
members of the bar denouncing the conduct of the disguised men
who were from the country, and urging upon the Judge to give
the grand jury an extra charge, ordering him to send out for witnesses all along the road, from here to Pickettsville, in
order to arrest and punish the criminals. While the charge was
being delivered, runners arrived in hot haste, with a report
that a large body of negroes, well armed were marching to
Trenton, which caused an adjournment of the court. Scouts were
sent out, but returned reporting all quiet. There is no
mistake that the negroes are well organized, and ready for
action at a moment's warning.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article is the first article I found on the
subject. A warning, this article sounds like it is from a conspiracy theorist. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis,
MO) dated September 5, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
<b>THE TENNESSEE MASSACRE.<br />—————<br />An
Inside History of the Affair—A Radical Plot to Affect the Fall
Elections.</b><br />
<br />
[From the Cincinnati Enquirer.]<br />
<br />
From a party of prominent citizens of West Tennessee
we learn the inside history of the late killing of negroes
near Picketville, Gibson county, in that State. Picketville is
near the borders of Carroll county, and is situated in what is
known as<br />
<br />
THE SKULL-BONE COUNTRY,<br />
<br />
where during the war, Radical bushwhackers and negroes
had it all their own way, and committed not less than two
hundred murders for the purposes of rapine and robbery.
Throughout that section the negro outrages have recently been
frequesnt and horrible, and just before the election of the
6th of August, during the campaign preceding which the
questions arising under the Civil Rights bill were bitterly
discussed, the alarm among the whites became so great that in
many instances women and children<br />
<br />
SLEPT OUT OF DOORS,<br />
<br />
believi[n]g they were in danger of being burned in
their beds by organized gangs of blacks, led by white
desperadoes, as they almost invariably are. The fears were
founded partly on the plot overheard by one Bostwick, a
Republican, and a member of Jack Rogers' Tennessee regiment,
Federal, during the war, and partly on the frequent recurrence
of murders of negroes by masked me, such as the late one in
which an aged colored man named Dick McKinney, four miles east
of Chestnut Mound, Smith county, was shot without provocation
in his house, or the shooting of Julia Hayden, a school-
teacher, at Hartsville, and which, though taking place since
the event of which we are about to treat, are a part of its
outgrowth and history.<br />
<br />
To confirm Bostwick's statement of a contemplated
rising on the 5th of August:<br />
<br />
"Two or three negroes in the neighborhood of Gleason,
Tennessee, in Weakley county, went to their employers on the
morning of that day and gave up their guns and asked his
protection. The citizens thereupon commenced arming, and to
their dismay and in confirmation of their fears they found
that not a pound of buck-shot nor a pistol could be had in
Henry or Weakley counties."<br />
<br />
The alarm turned out to be false, however, for that
night, but on last Saturday week it was proved that Bostwick's
warning was not idle. A few days previous Joe Whole and four
other citizens of Picketville bought<br />
<br />
A ROAST PIG<br />
<br />
from a negro named Joe Webb, and, after eating what
they wanted, gave the residue to a negro with them. Their
right to do this was disputed by Webb and his friends, and a
fight on the spot seemed imminent. The men reached home
safely, however, leaving as it proved, the negroes thirsting
for vengeance. On the Saturday named, while two young men
named Munroe Morgan and James Warren were riding along the
road, some three miles from Picketville, they were fired upon
by some thirty or forty negroes hid in the woods. The young
men abandoned their horses, which were killed or badly
wounded, took to the woods and escaped to the town and alarmed
the citizens. Suspecting a negro named Jim Walker of
complicity in the shooting, a constable with a <i>posse</i>,
proceeded to his house, where they captured a negro named Ben
Ballard, who confessed that negroes chiefly from Humboldt and
vicinity, had met Saturday night and organized to protect Col.
Webb, colored, from ku-klux, and after that, to go to
Picketville, kill five men, (the give concerned in the pig
affair), burn the town, take possession of the lands, and to
use their own expression.<br />
<br />
"CLEAR UP THE NEIGHBORHOOD"<br />
<br />
They had expected to meet another company of negroes
that night, but they failed to come, and after the firing on
Warren and Morgan, they dispersed. Sixteen negroes in all were
arresed and tried before a magistrate, five more turning
State's evidence in addition to Ballard.<br />
<br />
THE LYNCHING,<br />
<br />
as is already known, soon followed. Eighty-six men,
armed and masked, called at the jail at midnight and demanded
the prisoners. The jailer, being alone and helpless, gave them
up. THey were first tied in couples, and then the couples all
tied together, and marched out of town. Shortly after they had
left, shots were heard, and next morning six negroes were
found outside the limits of the village, four dead, one
mortally and the other dangerously wounded, all having been
shot several times. They were the six who had confessed, and
the other ten<br />
<br />
HAD MYSTERIOUSLY DISAPPEARED.<br />
<br />
Where were they? A search of the country far and wide
failed to develop any dead negroes, and it soon began to be
whispered about by Radicals that the ten had escaped. They
had, when the shooting began, according to the thin story
circulated, rushed over a bluff, and bound as they were, had
gotten away from eighty-six armed men. The citizens saw
plainly through it all now. The Radicals and negroes, to
counteract the effect of the discovery of their plot and the
leniency of the whites—the very five men whom they had
intended to kill first forming part of their safety escort
from court to jail—had taken the negroes out, shot those who
had betrayed them and from whom they feared further
revelations, and released the others.<br />
<br />
The moral is clear to the wayfarer. The very sun
shines through the whole affair. The negroes are instigated
and organized by white Radicals for election purposes, who
themselves caused the lynching for effect, as told, while on
the other hand, Governor Brown's offer of an aggregate reward
of $43,000 for the lynchers shows where the Democrats stand.
There are men in Gibson county ready to declare that the real
hard criminal is high in position and far away from the actual
scene of outrage, while the following figures will go far to
show why Gibson county and vicinity should be selected for
such deep and damnable political plotting. The county is the
largest voting county in West Tennessee, except Shelby. Her
white voting population is 5,000, negro 1,000. The Democratic
majority is 4,000. Carroll, adjoining, and in three or four
miles of Pickettville, has a voting population of 4,000—1,800
Democratic and 2,200 Republican. The civil district, "Alwood,"
in Carroll adjoining this Picketville county, is Republican by
fifty majority.<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>I'm only including a portion of our next article because
much of it repeats the same details that the others have
already done. This article is from The Whig and Tribune
(Jackson, Tennessee) and is dated April 29, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
Right here we would be glad to close this sad and
terrible story of ignorant passions run wild—all the result of
the agitation of the civil rights bill, that acme of all
villianies forced upon the people of Tennessee by the
representative men of the colored race in this State. But it
is our duty to go further, and tell the whole horrible
story.<br />
<br />
On Wednesday morning at one o'clock, a hundred or more
masked men entered Trenton, overpowered the jail guard, took
the sixteen negroes there confined for participation in the
Pickettsville outrage—and murdered them to a man within a few
miles of Trenton. This action was an outrage, that demands and
has received the unqualified condemation of the people
regardless of race. In Trenton an indignation meeting was
held, and the lawless maskers denounced in unmeasured terms.
The Governor has offered a reward of $500 each for the
apprehension of the thoughtless, cruel and lawless maskers,
who perpetrated this unncessary and shameful crime. Intense
excitement grew out of this fearful outrage, and the negroes
throughout Gibson county were greatly aroused and alarmed.
Dispatches full of blood and thunder flashed over the whole
country, and from the lakes to the gulf, and from ocean to
ocean the crime of the maskers has met a universal
condemnation. Yet is is true, that terrible as their crime
was, it was provoked by crimes as great—crimes either
perpetrated or contemplated by the blacks themselves. But
while there are palliating circumstances in the matter, the
lawless maskers who killed the sixteen negroes on Wednesday
morning are murderers, and should be dealt with as such. These
negro would be assassins, had been tried by the law, under the
law they had been remanded to jail, they were in the keeping
of the law, the law in the hands of white men, and there was
neither reason nor excuse for the summary vengeance that was
visited upon them.<br />
<br />
Growing out of this fearful affair—Trenton,
Pickettsville and Humboldt were agitated on Wednesday by the
news that large bodies of negroes were marching on those
towns. The wildest excitement prevailed, and dispatches were
sent in every direction asking immediate help. One of these
dispatches reached Jackson about 10 a.m., and within an hour
two hundred well armed men were ready to march. A train was
put in order, an engine fired up and everything was placed in
readiness to move at a minutes warning. No satisfactory
dispatch being recieved from the threatened towns, the two
hundred men referred to, under the command of Gen'l Campbell,
marched to the depot to emark for the seat of war. A finer
body of men never marched on any occasion, or under any
banner. But at the depot a dispatch was received that the
services of the Jackson boys was not needed. Here, without
further comment, we leave this whole terrible business,
determined in future issues of the Whig and Tribune to discuss
it more fully.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article comes from The Herald and Torch Light
(Hagerstown, MD) and is dated September 2, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
<b>A Slaughter of Colored People.</b><br />
<br />
The news from the South for the several months past,
has embraced a number of accounts of fights and riots between
the whites and blacks, in which the latter are not only made
to bear the blame, but pretty nearly all the killed and
wounded. In nearly every one of these encounters the colored
people are the greatest sufferers, and not unfrequently the
only ones, and yet we are asked to believe that they bring on
the collisions which result in such terrible punishments to
them.—One of the most cruel of these stories came to us last
week from a place called Pickettsville, Gibson county,
Tennessee, as follows:—<br />
<br />
"Nashville, August 26.—A number of negroes at
Pickettsville, Gibson county, six miles from Humboldt,
threatened a riot last Saturday and Sunday, on account of some
supposed wrong done them, and manifested a strong desire to
kill two or three citizens and fire and sack the town.
Yesterday sixteen of the ringleaders were arrested and taken
to Trenton and placed in jail for safe keeping—About 1 o'clock
this morning between seventy-five and one hundred masked men
entered the town, and riding up to the jail, demanded and
compelled the Sheriff to deliver up the keys thereof.—They
then took the sixteen negroes from prison, and after killing
four and mortally wounding two on the confines of the town,
rode off with the remaining ten, and are supposed to have
killed them.—Nothing has been heard of the party since they
left. Considerable excitement exists among the negroes, and
the whites are taking steps to defend themselves in case of an
outbreak.<br />
<br />
The poor excuse, which is generally offered for
lynching negroes in other Southern States, VIZ: that they are
governed by carpet baggers, can't be availed of to mitigate
this outrage.— Tennessee is Democratic, and overwhelmingly so,
in all its departments of government, and it would be a
remarkable occurrence, indeed, if a negro received less than
legal justice from such hands.— We are, however, glad to
perceive that a portion of the white people of Tennessee have
denounced this frightful slaughter of the colored prisoners at
Trenton, and that the Governor has offered a reward for the
apprehension of those guilty of it.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article comes from The Courier-Journal
(Louisville, KY) and is dated August 29, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
<b>THE TENNESSEE LYNCHING.<br />————<br />Indignation
Meeting in Memphis—The Governor Urged to Vigorously Enforce
the Law.</b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
MEMPHIS, TENN. Aug. 28.—There was a large meeting of
citizens held at the Exposition Hall tonight to express the
indignation of the community at the barbarous murder of the
colored prisoners taken from the Trenton jail. Mr. B. M. Estes
presided, with Ex-Gov. Harris, Judge Archibald Wright and
Charles Clatericht as vice presidents. Speeches were made by
Ex-Gov. Harris, Jefferson Davis, Col. Duncan McRae, Gen.
Forrest, and others, denouncing the cowardly assassination of
the prisoners, and calling for the prompt and most energetic
enforcement of the law against the perpetrators. General
Forrest stated he stood ready to start to-morrow to assist the
officers of the law in bringing the assassins to punishment.
Resolutions were adopted expressing the horror and indignation
of the community at the foul crime, and demanding of the
Governor prompt and energetic measures for bringing the
murderers to the bar of justice, and relieving the State, as
far as possible, from the disgrace of such horrible crimes,
asking the Government to employ the police experts of Memphis
to assist in capturing the assassins, and to employ the best
legal counsel int he State to assist the Attorney General in
prosecuting them.</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>I could post article after article on just the fallout
of this lynching, however, this post is already very long so
it will suffice if I mention that: several towns in the South
publicly denounced Gibson county and it's citizens for their
actions by passing resolutions, the governor offered rewards
for information, both Northern and Southern papers blasted the
county for it's actions, and a lot was discussed about the
Civil Rights Bill being pushed in congress. As far as I can
see in the papers, nothing was ever done to prosecute the
actual perpetrators and the names of the murdered were never
revealed. </i></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Thank you for joining us and, as always, we hope we
leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Trenton, TN, USA35.9806239 -88.94145379999997735.8778179 -89.102815299999975 36.0834299 -88.780092299999978tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-86203057053565697072017-05-03T16:30:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:58:47.213-05:00June 22, 1874: Clark Evans<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our first article comes from The Cairo Bulletin (Cairo,
Illinois) published Tuesday June 23, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
<b>Sequal[sic] to the Halbirt Murder.<br />
<br />The Murderer, Clark Evans, Lynched.</b><br />
<br />
CARROLLTON, ILL., June 22—At last we have the sad
sequel to the horrifying details of recent Halbirt murder, in
this county, which have been given in your columns, together
with the particulars of the arrest of one Clark Evans, and his
subsequent confession of the murder and other crimes of which
he had been guilty in the course of the past few
years.<br />
<br />
At about 2 o'clock this morning the jail in this city
was visited by a large number of men in wagons and buggies.
The jailer was aroused by an alarm at the door, and the
statement that the party on the outside were in possession of
a party arrested for murder, whom they desired to imprison.
When the door of the anteroom was opened some nine or en men
rushed in, pushing one of their number before them, under
pretense that he was the culprit. Getting fairly in the jailor
discovered that they were all in disguise, either by wearing
masks or with blackened faces, and at once suspected the
object of their vist [sic]; but as quick as thought he was
pinioned by several of the party, pointing cocked revolvers at
his head, and demanding the keyes [sic] of the main door and
cells. Simultaneously some of the party discovered the keys
hanging near the barred entrance, and took possession of them.
While one-half of the party held the jailor at bay, the other
half proceeded to unlock the doors, going immediately to the
cell where Clark Evans was chained down, and they released him
by means of a hatchet and cold chisel. In a few moments they
rushed back to the entrance, with Evans in charge, and hurried
him into one of the wagons. On looking out into the streets
the jailor saw a large number of persons afoot as well as in
the buggies and wagons, and they hurried away in various
directions. He gave the alarm at once, but could not get
enough persons together at the hour to pursue. The sheriff and
deputies started out, but could not get on the track of the
fleeing party. About 7 o'clock this morning ex-Sheriff Bell,
who resides at Providence, came in, bringing the news that a
man was found by some passers by hanging to a tree by the road
side, near the south approach to the Apple Creek bridge.
Hurrying thither the officers ascertained that it was Clark
Evans, the prisoner who had been taken from the jail a few
hours before. The culprit was suspended in such a way that his
feet nearly touched the ground by the bending of the limb but
he was dead and cold.<br />
<br />
A coroner's inquest was held, in the presence of a
vast crowd of people, who had gathered from all quarters. The
corpse was taken down and placed in a rough box made at the
saw mill near-by, and then deposited in the Providence grave
yard.<br />
<br />
Of course, the authorities have not the remotest idea
as to who composed the lynching party, but the whole affair
was well planned and adroitly executed. One of the buggies
evidently used by some of the midnight visitors, broke down
within a block from the jail, by running off a small bridge.
Doubtless as quick as the horses could be removed from it the
parties accompanying it fled, as in the buggy were found an
old felt hat, the sleeve of an old coat, two plugs of tobacco
neatly wrapped in a portion of the county papers, a quart
bottle with about half a pint of whisky in it, and a small
leather valise containing some heavy twine, a cold chisel and
a hatchet. This buggy has not been identified or claimed, but
a rumor prevails that it belongs to a party residing near
Whitehall. The whole affair has created a profound sensation,
and so outrageous was the murder committed by Evans that but
few are disposed to blame the parties who have taken the law
in their own hands. The broken buggy is in the hands of the
sheriff and will probably never be claimed.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article is about the murderer and comes from
the Decatur Daily Republican (Decatur, IL) dated May 4,
1874:</i><br />
<br />
CARROLLTON, Ill. May 2.—It is quite definitely
ascertained that a desperate character who hails from the
vicinity of Montezuma, Pike county, Illinois, is the murderer
of Mr. John Halbirt, which occurred near this city on Thursday
night last. He is best known by the name Clark Evans, but has
traveled under the names of James Bridges and William Owens.—
Those who saw him on the day of the murder describe him as
about five feet eight or nine inches high, fair complexion,
short sandy or light hair, and no beard. He has two or three
teeth out of the lower jaw, and is about twenty-four years
old. When last seen he wore a pair of stogy boots, striped
store pants with a patch on one knee, a close-bodied blue-
black soldier's coat with frock tail, and a grayish cap. He
carried away from Halbirt's house a suit of nearly new dark
steel mixed clothes and a pair of light pegged boots nearly
new, one of which had been cut below the instep and sewed up.
Halbirt's son offers $300 reward for the arrest of the
murderer, and late this afternoon news were[sic] received that
parties were in close pursuit.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>As you can see from the previous and will see in our final article, Evans was clearly considered an undesirable in the community. Our final article comes
from the New York Times (New York, NY) dated May 6,
1874:</i><br />
<br />
<i>ARREST OF THE ALLEGED MURDERER OF JOHN W. HALBIRT IN
ILLINOIS.<br /><br />Special Dispatch to the New-York
Times.</i><br />
<br />
CHICAGO, May 5.—A special from Carrollton, in this
State, says that Clark Ivans, twenty-four years of age, who
was brought up in Pike County, is ascertained to be the
murderer of John W. Halbirt, killed near that city on the
night of the 30th ult., the particulars of which were
telegraphed THE TIMES. Ivans was arrested this morning in
Scott County, and all the evidence leading to his detection
and arrest are almost positive proof of his guilt. He is
supposed to be one of the party who murdered Dr. Foley two
years ago in Pike County. His brother is now serving a term of
twenty years in the State Prison for killing an old man in
Pike County about four years ago. The culprit just arrested
has but recently concluded a term of years at Joliet for
breaking into the Catholic Church at Carlinville and stealing
the church plate and jewels.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Thank you for joining us and, as always, we hope we
leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-88183716273155032982017-05-01T08:00:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:59:01.351-05:00August 8, 1871: Harry Johnson and Washington<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Today we'll be looking at the lynchings of two men in
Frankfort, Kentucky. The first lynching was of Harry Johnson,
reported in The Cincinnati Enquirer (Cincinnati, Ohio) dated
August 5, 1871</i><br />
<br />
LOUISVILLE<br />
———<br />
<b>A LADY BRUTALLY OUTRAGED BY A NEGRO.</b><br />
<br />
LOUISVILLE, August 4.—Mrs. Pfeiffer, a respectable
married lady, while gathering blackberries, near Frankfort,
Kentucky, on Tuesday, accompanied by her daughter, aged
fourteen years, was attacked and brutally outraged by a negro.
Her child gave the alarm, but the fiend escaped.<br />
<br />
Yesterday a negro named Harry Johnson was arrested on
suspicion and lodged in jail at Frankfort. He was subsequently
identified by the mother and her daughter. Great excitement
prevailed, and an attempt at lynching is feared, against which
strong precautions have been adopted by the
authorities.<br />
<br />
Johnson waived examination yesterday, and was remanded
to jail. When asked what he did with the knife he had when he
made the attack on Mrs. Pfeiffer, he answered, "I threw it
away." On the prisoner being taken from the jail to Court the
husband of the outraged lady attempted to shoot him.<br />
<br />
The excitement in the city is intense. No violent
demonstrations have been made yet, but the jail is strongly
guarded, as the rage of the people may take the form of action
any moment.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article is about the lynching of both Johnson
and another man named Washington. Both were lynched on the
same day although for different reasons. Our next article is
from The New York Times (New York, New York) dated August 9,
1871:</i><br />
<br />
<b>The Troubles in Frankfort, Ky.</b><br />
<br />
LOUISVILLE, KY., Aug. 8.—About 2 this morning about
two hundred armed and masked men went to jail in Frankfort and
demanded the keys. The State Guard, who had been on duty
there, had gone as it was supposed ; all disorder was over.
The jailer was compelled to surrender the keys, and the men
entered and took out the negro who committed the rape on Mrs.
PFEIFFERED[sic] a few days ago, and also the negro WASHINGTON, who
was said to be the one who fired the first shot in the riot
there yesterday, in which two white men were killed. The
negroes were taken about half a mile from the jail and hanged.
Great excitement prevails in the community in consequence of
the turbulent scenes yesterday evening and the lynching
outrage this morning. No further violence is anticipated,
however.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Washington was lynched because of heightened emotions
over voting, which led to a riot. Our next article discusses
more on his lynching and is from The Spirit of Democracy
(Woodsfield, Ohio) dated August 15, 1871:</i><br />
<br />
<b>Terrible Fight at Frankfort and Lexington.<br />—————<br />The Blacks Attack the Whites.<br />—————<br />Two White Men Killed and Others Wounded.<br />—————</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
[Special Dispatch to the Enquirer.]</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
FRANKFORT, KY, August 7—After the polls were closed here
this evening, the negroes, who had been very insulting and
threatening during the day, made an attack upon the whites
with pistols and bricks, from which a general fight began. Two
white men were killed instantly, and a number wounded ; the
exact number has not be ascertained. Some four or five negroes
were wounded, but non seriously. The blacks far outnumbered
the whites, having assembled at the polls with a view to
creating a disturbance. The white men were exceedingly quiet
and forebore to encourage any trouble. Mr. W. D. Gilmore, late
a citizen of Lexington, and a clerk in the Auditor's office,
was shot through the breast and instantly killed. He was using
every endeavor to quiet the negroes and keep down a
disturbance when the fatal shot reached him. Mr. Silas Bishop,
a poor man and quiet citizen, was also shot throught he
breast, and died at once.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The conduct of the negroes, under bad advice from
white leaders, has been low, defiant and outrageous beyond
expression. The community is much incensed. Several negroes
have been arrested, and are now in jail, but it is believed
that several of the ring leaders have escaped. The State
troops have been ordered out, and the city is now
comparatively quiet. After the riot about seventy-five negroes
marched in a body down Market street yelling and defying the
whites, but at this time there is not a negro to be seen, and
no further fighting is expected. The vote has not been
announced, owing to the great excitement occasioned by the
riot, but it is understood that the Radicals have carried the
town by about 50 majority.—They anticipated about
300.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>These lynchings took place at the tail end of
Reconstruction, which ended in 1877. Tensions were high over
black suffrage. If you notice, the author of the final article
acts as if blacks had no place being at the voting place,
however, they legally had the right to vote. Not that this stopped whites from attempting to prevent blacks from voting. The
lynching of both Johnson and Washington most likely occurred
to keep blacks in the community "in their place," and away
from participating in voting. Johnson was an easy scapegoat
because he fit under the popular concept that black men were
out to rape white women. Washington was a direct victim of the
riot. He may not have fired any shots but by lynching both him
and Johnson, the white community was sending a clear message
that blacks needed to stay docile, quiet, and out of
politics.</i><br />
<br />
<i>Thank you for joining us and, as always, we hope we leave
you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-29866731071385104172017-04-25T17:51:00.003-05:002018-08-25T14:59:22.074-05:00March 30, 1877: Charley Manley<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Hey everyone, K here. Sorry there hasn't been an article recently. I was in the middle of moving, but having done that articles should continue fairly regularly. </i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our first article comes from the Atchinson Daily Champion (Atchinson, Kansas) dated April 8, 1877: </i><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>LYNCHED</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>————<br />Charley Manley, a Well-Known Character in Northern Kansas, Hung by a Body of Masked Men. </b><br />————<br />The Seneca Courier, published near the scene of the Manley tragedy, thus gives the particulars: <br /><br /> The news reached Seneca last Monday morning, that on Saturday night last Charley Manley, a notorious character, who has carried a hard name for years, was lynched and hung at Grenada. Although the stories were at first very conflicting, in the afternoon parties came to Seneca who were present at the affair, and we learn the full paticulars [sic], as follows:<br /><br /> John O'Brien's horses were stolen some time ago, and last Saturday Manley, and Joe Brown, of Granada township, were arrested upon an affidavit of O'Brien charging them as accessory thieves. Manly was arrested at Netawaka by Constable Sewell of Wetmore, assisted by George Gill, and Brown was arrested by I. Hudson, of Granada. <br /><br /> The prisoners were arraigned before 'Squire Crist, at Hudson's Hotel in Granada, for trial, and the case was called about half-past 8 Saturday night. As the case was opening, Manley was in the court room and Brown in an adjoining dining room; but before any proceedings were had, an armed force, fully masked, entered the court room and seized Manley. Resistance to the lynching was made by Constable Sewell and 'Squire Crist, but the lynching party set about firing pistols, and thus secured their victim. During the firing Brown escaped through a window, and has not since been neard [sic] from. No one was harmed during the firing, and as the bullet-holes were afterward found in the ceiling, it is supposed the shooting was done to create a furore [sic] and better accomplish the plot. <br /><br /> The lynching party went west from Granada, and next morning Manley's body was found on W. W. Letson's farm, on the north side of Muddy creek, hanging by the neck to a tree in the timber. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">A coroner's inquest was held over Manley's body on Sunday. There were some $70 in cash and several worthless scraps of paper found upon him, and a membership certificate to some mysterious order. The jury rendered a verdict that Manley "came to his death by hanging by the neck with a rope by a party of masked men, names unknown—the act was felonious." <br /><br /> The lynching party performed their work of arrest in a quiet but deliberate manner. There was no excitement outside of the shooting, and no symptoms of drunkenness, or profane language. Mr. Crist was knocked down to his knees when attempting to rescue Manley, and Constable Sewell was "intimidated" from arresting the lynching party by a shot-gun cocked and pointed at his face. All the officers did their duty and were evidently as surprised as was Manley at the proceedings. It seemed a matter of the gravest duty, and those engaged in the affair likely feel that they have rid the country of a man who defied the law, and had often boasted on his fearlessness of arrest and punishment. They formed a rear-guard after the capture, that prevented the officers and others following the prisoner, and hence the manner of Manley's death, and the last scenes, are only known to the lynching party. <br /><br /> We have no censure to make in this particular case, but trust nothing of the like will become common. It is a serious matter; and the advice of D. Crockett is opportune: "Be sure you are right, and then go ahead!"<br /><br /><i>The next part of our story comes from the Recorder-Tribune (Holton, Kansas) dated April 5, 1877:</i><br /> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">LYNCH LAW IN NEMAHA COUNTY. <br />————<br />Charley Manley, of Netaweka[sic], the Victim</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />The following are the facts, so far as we have been able to glean them, in reference to the sad affair of lynching, which occurred at Granada, last Saturday night. <br /><br />It is a notorious fact, and one to be very much lamented, that the crime of horse stealing has become so common here in a few counties in Northern Kansas, and has been carried on so successfully as to justify the conclusion that there is an organized gang, the members of which, in all probability, reside in almost every community. <br /><br />All are aware that, while horses have been stolen every few weeks, first in one locality, then in another, for the past few years, it has been next to impossible to secure the conviction of a single one of the thieves. It is true a few young boys have been convicted, and sentenced to the penitentiary for stealing horses and cattle; but the probabilities are that there were none of them members of the organization; on the contrary, were novices, doing a little business on their own hook, and were easily arrested and convicted. <br /><br />Our information is to the effect that certain parties lately arrested in Nemaha county, and now in jail at Seneca, have turned states evidence, and implicated others, and that C. C. Manley, of Netawaka, was designated, not only as one of the gang, but a leader of the same. Officers with a warrant in their possession came to Netawaka on Saturday and arrested Manley, and took him first to Wetmore, and from there to Granada, where they stopped for the night, guarding their prisoner at the hotel. About 10 o'clock p.m., a company of masked me, 40 or 50 in number, rushed into the sitting froom of the hotel, where Manley and his guard were, firing their pistols, evidently with the intention of creating all the confusion and consternatio[n] possible, and seized Manley, and without ceremony hustled him out of the hotel, one of the party throwing a noose over his head, as they passed out. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">What else occurred we have no reliable information of, except that, on Sunday morning, Manley's lifeless body was seen dangling at the end of a rope, the other end of the rope being secured to the limb of a cottonwood tree, on Mr. Letson's farm, near the town. Some time Sunday the body was cut down, a coroner's inquest held, and a verdict returned in accordance with the above facts. <br /><br />Manley was a saloon keeper, at Netawaka, and we learn has been regarded by the citizens there, and other places where he has lived, as a bad, and, by some, as a dangerous man. Just what evidence the so-called regulators may have had that he was guilty of horse stealing, we are not informed. Even though it was conclusive, we do not wish to be understood as upholding them in what they have done, in taking the law into their own hands. A band of horse thieves is certainly a terrible curse to a community, and not the least of the evil that often results from such a curse, is that lesser curse—a vigilance committee. </span><br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: x-small;">Thank you for joining us and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</span> </i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-15307483785707645252017-04-08T12:00:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:59:49.533-05:00July 20, 1897: Holley/Hillery/Jim Speakes<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>The main issue with tracing lynchings is the confusion of names in the newspaper. Many papers failed to get the names of lynching victims correct. Such as Holley Speakes who could also be known as Jim or Hillery. I've chosen this lynching because this is a clear case where a black man was lynched under the claim of having outraged a white woman. However, as you will see in this first article, it is more likely that he either upset Mrs. Vaughn or attempted to rob her when she refused to give him food. Our first article is from The Montgomery Advertiser (Montgomery, Alabama) published July 23, 1897:</i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>TROUBLE AT RIVERTON.<br />________</b><br />
<b> </b>
<br />
<b>A Woman Attacked and a Posse Looking for the Negro—A Race War May Result.</b><br />
<br />
Riverton, July 20.—(Special)—Yesterday evening about 4:30 o'clock an unknown negro entered the front door of the home of Mr. S. L. Vaughn of this place. He was accosted by Mrs. Vaughn and asked for something to eat. Being told there was nothing, he attacked the lady with criminal intent, but stumbled over a chair. Mrs. Vaughn ran from the back door and aroused the neighbors. The house was surrounded but the negro had escaped. Citizens were infuriated and formed a posse. They scoured the country all night and tracked the negro out the railroad five miles from town, where he took to the woods and was lost to the crowd. Many negroes working on public works here were carried before Mrs. Vaughn, but she failed to identify them, and they were turned loose. It is thought the negro is hidden in or near town, and every citizen is still on the outlook. The would-be ravisher is unknown. He is described as dark yellow, middle height and weight, well dressed, apparently a stranger. He first asked if her husband was in, and on being answered no, rushed on Mrs. Vaughn fiercely. His intent was plainly evident.<br />
<br />
Mrs. Vaughn is in delicate health, and completely prostrated, and for a time it was thought she would die. However, she rallied and is ready to help identify the criminal. Had the negro been caught he would have been summarily executed. <br />
<br />
The white people are aroused against the negroes generally. A large number of those employed by the contractor of the government works talk of organizing and ridding the town of them. This may result in a terrible race war tonight. A few moments ago a negro seriously cut a farmer who was in town. The people have not abandoned hope of yet catching the would-be rapist. Parties are in pursuit. At this late hour many people are firmly convinced the negro was killed by his pursuers last night, but the facts cannot be ascertained, as the searchers won't talk.<br />
<br />
<b>THE NEGRO ARRESTED. </b><br />
<b><br />——————</b><br />
<br />
<b>Mrs. Vaughn Identified Him and the Officers Start With Him to Jail.</b><br />
<br />
Riverton, July 21.—(Special)—The negro, Halley Speaks, was arrested two miles from here this morning at 8 o'clock and was brought into town. He had been searched all night for seriously cutting J. N. Roberson, one of the bosses of the contract work at the lock here. When captured Speaks was found to have been badly shot in the face during the melee yesterday evening. A part of his lower jaw was shot off. Excitement was intense all night, and on account of the cutting of Roberson following so soon after attempted rape of Mrs. Vida Vaugn the people were ready for lynching, but cooler heads prevented.<br />
<br />
Later, the negro Speaks was identified by Mrs. Vaughn as the negro who assaulted her. This infuriated the people and they determined to lynch him tonight. He was all day in charge of officers Bryant, Harlan and Griffin. At 7 o'clock the officers left town with Speaks, a small crowd following. The officers were determined to get him to jail; the crowd determined to hang him. At 8 o'clock it is conceded that Officer Griffin has got away with Speaks, bound for Cherokee, where he will take the train for Tuscumbia. The crowd is still scouring the woods for them.<br />
<br />
Roberson is a member of the firm of Roberson Bros. Of Hillsboro, who are furnishing county convicts for contractors here. He was seriously wounded and may possibly die.<br />
<br />
A crowd of men have left here on horseback determined to intercept the officers with the negro on the way to Cherokeee.[sic] A hundred men have sworn he shall not get to jail alive.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our next article is from The World (New York, New York) published July 21, 1897:</i><br />
<i> </i>
<br />
FLORENCE, Ala., July 20.—A race war is on at Riverton to-night, and serious trouble is feared—all the result of the attempt of a negro to assault Mrs. S. L. Vaughn.<br />
<br />
The negro attacked Mrs. Vaughn this afternoon, but she fought him off and aroused the neighborhood. Searching parties were formed, and the entire section was scoured for the negro, who had fled. It is known he was captured and shot, although the searchers will not admit it.<br />
<br />
The whites are preparing for serious trouble, and there may be startling developments before morning. Mrs. Vaughn is delicate, and the shock, it is feared, will kill her.<br />
<br />
Riverton is a town of 600 inhabitants and is the headquarters of the Government works on the Colbert Shoals Canal. Several hundred workmen are employed; two-thirds of them white men, of the class that fight with desperation. In the surrounding country there are hundreds of negroes employed on plantations, and if they should enter the conflict a race war of no small proportions will inevitably result.<br />
<br />
The frequency of the crime which has brought on the trouble has made the white people of this section inclined to take the law into their own hands, and give the severest and speediest punishment in each case. Hundreds of white men from the eastern and central portion will flock to Riverton to-morrow, to assist those who are there.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>We have an article here from The Tennessean (Nashville, Tennessee)published July 22, 1897:</i><br />
<i> </i>
<br />
<b>PROFFERS OF ASSISTANCE.<br />______</b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Men With Arms Ready in Florence to Move.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
FLORENCE, Ala., July 21.—(Special)—An unknown negro attempted to assault and outrage Mrs. S. L. Vaughn, an estimable woman, at Riverton, Ala., yesterday. Mrs. Vaughn resisted with all her power and scared the brute away, then gave the alarm. Armed parties were out all night last night and are still out searching for the negro. If caught he will be carried before Mrs. Vaughn for identification and if identified will be hanged or burned on the spot.<br />
Last night excitement at Riverton was intense and it looked as though a race riot would result. A white man whose name could not be learned was severely cut by a negro man.<br />
<br />
Reports from Riverton to-day say that all is quiet, but that the white people are searching with determination for the fiend who committed the deed.<br />
<br />
The white men are almost at the mercy of the negroes at Riverton, as that town is located near the Government works on the Tennessee River and the negroes outnumber the white by three to one. People in Florence are somewhat excited and there are many men here who are ready and willing to go to Riverton, armed to the teeth and help the white people.<br />
<br />
A prominent citizen of this place, whose name had best not be given, wired a friend at Riverton that he had forty guns, as many men and plenty of ammunition awaiting a call for help from Riverton.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Here is another article from The Asheville Weekly Citizen (Asheville, North Carolina) dated July 23, 1897:</i><br />
<br />
<b>RAN NEGROES OUT OF TOWN </b><br />
<b><br />————— </b><br />
<b><br />ONE OF THEM ASSAULTED A WOMAN. </b><br />
<b><br />————— </b><br />
<b><br />This Crime and Bearing of the Criminal's Friends Caused an Uprising of the hites[sic]—Maybe a Lynching.</b><br />
<br />
FLORENCE, Ala., July 21.—An uprising against negro workmen on the government works at Riverton, Ala., last night caused a small race war at the place, and today those negroes who can get away are leaving. <br />
<br />
Yesterday evening a negro attempted to assault Mrs. S. L. Vaughn. Mrs. Vaughn escaped. The neighborhood was aroused and chase was given. The negro escaped, for the time, to the woods.<br />
The negro's fiendish attempt and the insolence of other negroes, several hundred in number, incensed the white workmen and they determined to run them out of town. There were several fights between negroes and whites, and one white was seriously cut. The excitement was intense and many negroes would have been killed had not the counsel of cooler heads prevailed.<br />
<br />
The negro who caused the riot was captured, was identified by Mrs. Vaughn, and proved to be the same negro who cut a white man last night. There will be a lynching before night.<br />
<br />
FLORENCE, Ala., July 22.—A report from Riverton this morning says the negro caught yesterday was started for Tuscumbia, guarded by an armed party. Near Cherokee he was met by a mob and hanged. Another report, not credited, says he was tied to a stake and burned to death. His identify[sic] was thoroughly established by his victim, Mrs. Vaughn. Mrs. Vaughn's condition is serious.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>We have another article from The Salt Lake Tribune (Salt Lake City, Utah) July 22, 1897:</i><br />
<br />
<b>LYNCHING EXPECTED</b><br />
<b><br />—————</b><br />
<b><br />Race War Precipitated by a Negro's Assault.</b><br />
<br />
FLORENCE, Ala., July 21.—An uprising against negro workmen on the government works at Riverton, Ala., last night caused a small race war at the place, and today those negroes who can get away are leaving.<br />
<br />
Yesterday evening a negro attempted to assault Mrs. S. L. Vaughn. Mrs. Vaughn escape from him, as the negro in pursuing her fell over a chair. The neighborhood was aroused and chase was given to the negro, who took to the woods. The negro's fiendish attempt and the insolence of several hundred other negroes incensed the white workmen and they determined to run the blacks out of town. There were several fights between the negroes and whites, and one white was seriously injured. The excitement was intense, and many negroes might have been killed had not the counsel of cooler heads prevailed.<br />
<br />
The negro who caused the riot yesterday was captured this morning. He has been identified by Mrs. Vaughn, and proves to be the same negro who cut a white man last night. There will be a lynching before night.<br />
<br />
Riverton people are sending to neighboring towns for men, guns and ammunition. The most serious trouble is feared. Many negroes are leaving the town. Others are sullen and defiant. As the morning train passed Riverton Junction 100 panic-stricken negroes boarded it, many without money to pay fares. They were all taken to the next station.<br />
<br />
Florence, Ala., July 21.—Jim Speaks, the negro who caused the trouble at Riverton, is probably swinging from a convenient limb between Riverton and Cherokee tonight. Speaks was captured near Riverton this morning, and at 8 o'clock this morning officers started for Tuscumbia for him. An armed company started after the officers, swearing they would hang the negro before he could be taken five miles. They undoubtedly carried out their threats. It develops that the negro accomplished his purpose, and that his victim is 60 years of age. She is said to be badly injured. Riverton is intensely excited, and reinforcements are going into the town from every direction.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Once again we here from Montgomery. The Weekly Advertiser (Montgomery, Alabama) dated July 30, 1897 writes:</i><br />
<br />
<b>GREATLY EAXGGERATED.[sic]<br /> ————<br />The Officials Say There Has Not Been Any Danger of a Race War.</b></div>
</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
Tuscumbia, July 23.—(Special)—The negro, Hillery Speakes, who outraged Mrs. S. L Vaughn and inflicted a knife wound in contractor Bud Robinson's side, at Riverton, this county, Monday evening, was brought to Tuscumbia yesterday afternoon by Sheriff Gresham, who met the negro at Cherokee in charge of Constable R. E. Harland of Riverton, and lodged in jail. He has a pistol shot would in his chin which was inflicted at the time the negro plunged his knife into Robinson.<br />
<br />
Mr. Horland says the reports about the affair, furnished the newspapers, are very much exaggerated and have been highly colored. He denies that ay[sic] race war was at any time likely to be precipitated, the trouble being confiened[sic] to Robinson and the negro. It is believed, however, that he raped Mrs. Vaughn, and she identified him among thirty or forty negroes carried before her. Mr. Horland further says that he, having in charge the prisoner, was overtaken between Riverton and Cherokee Tuesday night, while en route to Tuscumbia, by a mob of fifty men, and although they could easily have taken the negro from him, as he was unarmed, and swung him to a convenient limb, they did not do so, possibly for the lack of a brave and determined leader. At no time was the negro outside of the mob's reach, and why he was not lynched is to him inexplicable. There is no further trouble anticipated since the incarceration of the scoundrel and the law will probably be allowed to take its course.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our final article is from the St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri) July 23, 1897:</i></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>SPEAKES NOT LYNCHED<br /><br />The Riverton (Ala.) Negro in Jail at Tuscumbia.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
FLORENCE, Ala., July 23.—Jim Speakes, the Riverton negro, escaped lynching. The officers eluded the mob and placed the negro in jail at Tuscumbia.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>It is unknown whether or not Speakes was actually lynched. Since blacks were working on a canal for the Government there were most likely repercussions for the lynching of Speakes. So the Montgomery Advertiser and Riverton or Florence papers could have had a good reason for saying that Speakes was not lynched. There were no further reports of him going to trial, however, since he was shot in the face, it is possible that he died before they could even take him to trial. Its also entirely possible that he isn't the man who supposedly outraged Mrs. Vaughn. We leave you with the evidence to make up your own minds as to what happened in this case.</i><br />
<br />
<i>Thank you for joining us, and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Riverton, AL 34.8806433 -88.0767048.7020848000000015 -129.385298 61.059201800000004 -46.768110000000007tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-18029966686123573632017-04-05T12:07:00.002-05:002018-08-25T14:47:35.500-05:00July 25, 1874: James Ross<div style="text-align: center;">
<i>Our first article is from the The Cincinnati Enquirer (Cincinnati, Ohio) published July 30, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
<b>Hanging a Boy.</b>
<br />
[From the New York Tribune.]<br />
<br />
We do not consider hanging at all a fit penalty for horse-stealing, even when the punishment is inflicted according to law. We regard lynching of all descriptions as extremely undesirable. Hanging a boy eighteen years of age for any crime is, <i>prima facie</i>, a barbarous business. The St. Joseph (Mo.) Herald describes the murder of James Ross, who had been arrested for making free with the steeds of the farmers in that vicinity. Ross, in the custody of an officer, was on his way to jail, when he was seized, in spite of the Constable's remonstrances, by a mob of armed men. Resistance was useless. Ross was dragged from his horse and taken into "the timber." Then, for the first time, this boy seemed to comprehend the awful fate which awaited him. He shook with fear and cried for mercy. With one end of the rope about his neck, he burst into tears; he admitted that he had stolen horses; but then he added piteously that "he was a mere boy, and wanted time to reform." The only answer to this was the stern warning that he "had but five minutes left;" and four stout men significantly took hold of the rope. The lad was so agitated that he would have fallen to the ground if he had not been supported. Then he rallied again, and again besought mercy. He might as well have spoken to the deaf. Then came "silence for a moment," broken only by the tick of the watch in the spokesman's hand. There was no pity in their rigid faces. The shadows of night were gathering, and only a minute remained to him, when the boy began to pray, although in a tone so low that his words were indistinguishable. Then came from the executioner the cry of "Time's up;" and after the single exclamation, "O, my God!" the body of the young horse-thief was dangling ten feet from the ground. His hands were thrown wildly up to catch the rope, but a moment after they dropped lifeless on each side, and the boy horse-thief was dead. The executioners mounted their horses and rode rapidly away, leaving the corpse there alone with the night.<br />
<br />
It is curious to notice how, under these wild frontier conditions, the law is upon the one hand contemptuously disregarded and upon the other studiously respected. After the lynchers had departed the Coroner came. He tenderly cut down the boy's body and proceeded to hold an inquest. The only witness examined was the bereaved Constable, who swore in the most satisfactory way that the lad had been taken from him. The death proved itself, and the jury found that the deceased died by violence "at the hands of some party or parties unknown." This was deemed quite enough by every horseowner[sic] in the county. Their equine losses had been avenged, and why should they too curiously seek for the avengers, especially when such a search might have been personally inconvenient to some of them? There was one horse-thief less in Holt County. So they thanked God, took courage, and kept perfectly quiet.<br />
<br />
We suppose that a horse must be of more value than many boys in those regions of magnificent distances and of limited railway facilities. At any rage, horse-stealing there seems to be regarded as a trifle more felonious than murder in the first degree. That the law does not consider it seems to argue inefficient and defective legislation. If the plunderers of stables are to be hanged, would it not be a little better to have the operation regularly performed by the Sheriff, and after a due conviction of the plunderer?<br />
<br />
We must confess that our prejudices are rather in favor of lawful proceedings, provided they are possible. There will, under the Lynch judicial system, sometimes be a danger of hanging the wrong man; and we suppose that no honest Missourian, though robbed of his whole stud, desires to be soothed by the murder of the innocent. If the public tribunals are inefficient, it is the people (horse owners included) who are to be blamed. If the legal penalty of horse stealing is not sufficiently severe, make it so by a new statute! If boys are to be hung, by all means try them first according to law.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<i>Our next article is from The State Journal (Jefferson, Missouri) dated July 31, 1874:</i><br />
<br />
<b>ANOTHER LYNCHING.<br />————<br />A Boy of Eighteen Strung Up.<br />————</b><br />
<br />
A terrible affair occurred in Holt county, above St. Joseph, on Saturday last. James Ross, a boy of eighteen, had been arrested for horse stealing. He was taken to Bigelow for examination, after which he was sent to Oregon to jail. On the way he was taken by a party of disguised men from the officers who were with him and hung.<br />
<br />
The St. Joe <i>Gazette</i> thus relates it:<br />
Ross was taken from his horse and led into the timber a distance of about fifty yards, and placed upon the ground. Then, for the first time, he seems to have fully realized his terrible fate and quivered like an aspen leaf. A rope was thrown over the limb of a stout oak tree, the prisoner was placed beneath it, and the fatal noose adjusted about his neck. One of the men then informed him that he had but ten minutes to live, and urged him to "make a clean breast" of all he knew in connection with the gang of horse theives that had infested the country. Ross burst into tears and pleaded for mercy. He admitted that he had stolen horses, but said that he was yet a mere boy and there was time to reform. He would give the names of none of those with whom he had been associated, and again begged that they would not hang him. The spokesman sternly informed him that he had but five minutes left, and at the same time four stout men took hold of the rope preparatory to giving the fatal swing. For a moment the prisoner seemed almost ready to sink to the ground, and two of the party stepped forward to support him.<br />
<br />
The man rallied again and made another appeal for mercy. His captors were silent, and it was evident that all further appeals were useless. There was a silence of afully a minute during which the spokesman's hand could be heard. It was a sad and solemn scene—the young boy standing so close on the verge of the grave, the gathering shadows of night casting their gloom around those stern, determined captors, whose purpose it was evident no entreties could change. Another minute, and Ross was engaged in prayer, speaking in a tone so low that scarcely a word could be distinguished. But a few sentences had been uttered when the word was given that "time was up," and after the single exclamation "Oh my God !" the body of the horse thief was dangling ten feet from the ground. For fully two minutes there were strong convulsive struggles. The hands were thrown up to clutch the rope, and the legs were thrown violently around, with every evidence of intense suffering. Then the hands dropped to the side and the body hung a lifeless mass.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<i>Our final article comes from The Holt County Sentinel published October 23, 1874. It describes the indictment of the men who lynched James Ross. It was rare for lynchings to be prosecuted and Ross' age and the fact that he was white probably led to the indictment of his murderers. Whether they were actually convicted or not is unknown. I am only going to include part of the article because it is a very long winded piece with comments from the judge presiding over the case.: </i><br />
<br />
From the St. Joe Gazette.<br />
<br />
James Ross.<br />
<b>————</b><br />
<b>THE EIGHT HOLT COUNTY MEN INDICTED FOR MURDERING HIM ADMITTED TO BAIL</b><br />
<b><b>————</b></b><br />
<b><b> </b>Ninety-six Thousand Dollars Pledged.</b><br />
<b>————</b><br />
<br />
The details of the lynching of James Ross in Holt county in July last are too familiar to our readers to require more than a brief recapitulation. Ross, a boy of sixteen, had been arrested for stealing a horse from Mrs,[sic] Marshall, of Holt county. He had brought the animal to this city and sold it to a man named Millar. Subsequently he he was arraigned before Esquire Long, at Bigelow, plead guilty, and in default of bail was committed to jail in Oregon. While being taken to Oregon in a wagon by Constable Rice, a band of masked men stopped the team, took Ross from the custody of the constable and lynched him. At the August term of the Circuit Court eight men, supposed to have committed the crime, were indicted for murder in the first degree. On Friday of last week they were arrested and confined in jail at Oregon. On Tuesday, the 13th, Judge Henry S. Kelly, of the circuit court, issued a write[sic] of <i>habeas corpus</i>, returnable on Friday, the 16th, and accordingly,at[sic] ten o'clock yesterday morning, the matter came up for hearing before the Judge at the Court House in Oregon.<br />
<br />
The prisoners were present in court in person and by their attorneys. The motion for bail coming up, it was conceeded by Mr. Dungan, prosecuting attorney, that the evidence, so far as discovered, was not of such a conclusive character as to deprive the prisoners the right of bail. The Judge accordingly admitted them to bail in the sum of $12,000 each, the following well-known citizens of Holt county becoming their sureties; Wm. M. Catron, Daniel Gillis, Jno. W. Bridgman, Jno. Gresham, Edward A. Brown, James G. Catron, Christopher Catron, Wm. A. Hinkle, David S. Alkire, Albert B. Welton, Edmond D. McCoy, Archer Hamon, Thos. Everett.<br />
<br />
We give below a copy of the record of yesterday's proceedings,filed[sic] with E. L. Allen, clerk of the circuit court:<br />
<br />
THE RECORD.
<br />
STATE OF Mo.,} In the vacation of
<br />
HOLT COUNTY, } the circuit court.
<br />
Be it known that on petition of Frank Bridgman, Chauncey H. Graves, Soloman Catron, Wm. H. Symkins, John Foster, Charles E. Barnes, Royal Van Dusen and John D. Rice, showing that they were detained in custody by Wm. G. McIntyre, sheriff and jailor of said Holt county, by warrants issued on an indictment found against them by the grand jury of said county at the August term of 1874 of the circuit court, for the alleged murder of one James Ross. I, the undersigned judge of said circuit court in vacation, did issue the write[sic] of <i>habeas corpus,</i> commanding the said sheriff to bring the said parties before me at the Court HOuse in Oregon, the county seat of said county, on this day, together with the cause of their detention; and the said writ having been executed by bringing said parties before me as commanded, and the cause of their detention being by the returns admitted to be the same as that alleged in the petition.<br />
<br />
And now the said partied[sic] move to be admitted to give bail for the appearance at the next term of circuit court of said Holt county to begun and held at the Court House in Oregon on the third Monday in December, A. D. 1874, to answer to the charges of murder as set out in said indictment:<br />
<br />
And said motion coming on to be heard before me, the State of Missouri being represented by T. C. Dungan, the prosecuting attorney of said Holt county, and the defendants, petitioners, being present in person and by Messrs. Stokes, Duff, McKnight, and Wilkinson, their attorneys, it is admitted by the said prosecuting attorney, for the purpose of this motion only, that the proof of the guilt of said petitioners, so far as the same has come to his knowledge, is not evident, nor the presumption great, that they,or [sic] any of them, are guilty of the crime charged in the indictment ; it is therefore</div>
<br />
Ordered by me that each of said petitioners be admitted to bail, and that they and each of them be required to enter into a recognizance in the sum of $12,000 each, with sufficient sureties, jointly and severally binding each petitioner with his sureties in that sum, for the appearance of said petitioners on the first day of the December term of the circuit court of said Holt county,to[sic] answer to said indictment for the murder of said James Ross, and not to depart the court without leave.<br />
<br />
And the said parties having entered into the recognizance in the sum of $12,000 each, with approved securities, as above required, and thereupon the said defendants, petitioners, were ordered to be discharged from custody, and the papers are herewith ordered to be returned to the clerk of the circuit court.<br />
<br />
Given under my hand this 16th day of October, 1874.<br />
<br />
H. S. KELLEY,<br />
Judge circuit court<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<i>As always, we thank you for joining us and hope we leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com0Holt County, MO, USA40.0704458 -95.184921939.6815693 -95.830368900000011 40.459322300000004 -94.5394749tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-54208689033770630522017-04-01T09:20:00.000-05:002018-08-25T14:53:31.833-05:00April 14, 1882: Henry Ivy and Sim Acoff<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>I just wanted to say hello to everyone. I'm K, daughter of the author who originally started this blog. Since she is currently focusing on life, but thinks its important to continue covering lynchings, I am going to be posting lynchings. You'll still hear from the author, but not as frequently as you will hopefully be hearing from me. You may note that our styles are different. I have a Masters in history so I have more of a background to comment. However, the style that the author uses in just providing the facts, is excellent so I will try to keep comments to a minimum. </i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>Today we learn about the lynching of two men in Dallas County, Alabama. You may note that Sim Acoff's name is also noted as Jim Acoff. I am unsure if it is Sim or Jim as two Alabama papers differ in the use of his first name. Today we will start our story through the pages of The Marion Commonwealth (Marion, Alabama) dated April 20, 1882: </i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Lynched.</b></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">—</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Two More of the
Slayers of Weisinger Meet Their Doom.</b></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">—</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Selma Times, 14<sup>th</sup>.]</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">From various reports
and rumors that have reached the city from Brown’s Station, it is known, beyond
the possibility of a doubt, that Henry Ivy and Sim Acoff, negroes who it has
transpired were implicated in the killing of Mr. J. B. Weisinger on the 19<sup>th</sup>
of December last, were taken out and lynched by a body of </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>FORTY MASKED MEN, </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">at two o’clock
yesterday morning, in the woods five miles south of Brown’s Station on the Ala.
Central Railroad, near Bell’s church. The hanging of Ledlow and Weisinger for
participation in the horrible crime, has hardly been consummated, the
death-dealing scaffold has only lately been laid away, and now we are called on
to chronicle the slaying of two more of </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>THE RED-HANDED
MURDERERS, </b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">for their share in the
killing. It seems that before, but particularly since, the execution of March
31<sup>st</sup>, matters on the Weisinger plantations have not been altogether
lovely as it was thought by many white people, and their belief was largely
shared in by numbers of negroes that others besides the two unfortunates whose
necks were stretched were concerned in the crime, and threats were freely made
that it would go hard with anyone who had a hand in the murder. Last Wednesday
afternoon Henry Ivy, who has been haunted by thoughts of the execution,
suffering from the pants of conscience, made </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>A CLEAN CONFESSION OF
THE CRIME,</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> </b> </span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">giving himself away
as the man who really did the killing, and implicating his brother, Porter Ivy,
who received a life sentence; Ledlow and Weisinger, who were hanged; Sim Acoff,
who was then at large on the plantation, and Abb Smith, who has left for parts
unknown. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">This confession was voluntarily made to seven intelligent white men.
Ivy and Acoff were immediately arrested and taken before Esquire Gwinn, who
hold them to await action by the grand jury. When it became generally known on
the neighboring plantations that </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>IVY HAD MADE A
CONFESSION,</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b> </b> </span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">the negroes, who had
devotedly loved their “old master,” and still revere his name, became furiously
excited, and it was with great exertion on the part of white people that they
were kept from stringing the two culprits up then and there. Ivy, it appears,
was very unpopular with his own people, many of whom declare that he and his
brother swore away the lives of Ledlow and Weisinger. After some trouble,
consequent on the incensed negroes’ frenzy, the prisoners were given in charge
of three white guards—Messers. E. J. and Enoch Bell, and W. C. Whitt—and were
by them taken to a school house, not far distant, for safe keeping through the
night. At two o’clock, while Mr. Whitt was absent at a well seventy five yards
off, getting a drink of water for Ivy, forty masked men, thought to be all
whites, rode up to the building, quickly overcame, bound and gagged the guards,
and made off with the negroes who</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>IN VAIN PLEAD FOR
MERCY</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">and just one day more
of life. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">The Messrs. Bell, who
were seated before a fire, with their backs to the door, were taken completely
by surprise, as they thought the footsteps were those of Mr. Whitt in
returning, and so were easily overcome, and unable to identify any of the
maskers. The party was out of sight before Mr. Whitt returned.</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> The exact transpirings of the next half hour
cannot be obtained, but when the results of the </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>SWIFT, SURE AND
DEADLY WORK</b></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Of the vigilants [sic] are known, imagination can vividly color the scene of strangulation in the
dark and somber woods at dead of night, the writhings of the self-confessed
murderers, dangling from a rope thrown over a far spreading limb of some
monarch of the forest that cast its gloomy shade over that lawless </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>BAND OF AVENGERS</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">and the two miserable
horror-struck villians [sic], can be easily pictured.</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">While taking their
way through the woods, near the school house, late last evening, a crowd of
negroes were badly scared by seeing</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>IVY’S LIFELESS BODY</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">swinging two [sic] and fro betweed [sic] Heaven and earth. Acoff was not to be found thereabouts, but that he met
his death at the hands of the lynchers may be set down as a certainty. Who the
lynchers were is not known; where they came from is not known; where they
formed, or whither they went is not known. That they fully accomplished their
unlawful designs is known; that they performed </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>THE FIRST ACT OF THE
KIND</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">ever enacted in Dallas
county is known; and that they will keep the matter as sacredly secret as
possible may be relied on. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">There was little or
no excitement at Brown’s Station yesterday over the occurrence. It was talked
of, but not frequently; business was transacted; negroes went to and from their
work; the occupations of the people were quietly carried on; and from the looks
and appearances of men and things, no one would ever have mistrusted that out
there in the green woods, where nature had seemingly been most beautifully
lavish, Judge Lynch had but the night before sat in all his erroneous glory and
carried into eflect [sic] his unwise and semi-barbaric intentions. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>THE CONFESSION OF IVY</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">and its accompanying
document, which were handed us yesterday by Mr. William Bell, are appended:</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>HENRY IVY’S STORY OF
THE MURDER.</b></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">The morning Mr. Will
Weisinger went to Selma he told me to go down and work with Bill and Al if I
wanted to. </span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">I stayed at home and
cut wood till 12 o’clock, it looked so much like raining. That day my sister
came up there and she, my wife and myself went to the store. My sister came at
12 o’clock. Al Weisinger came to the store for nails while I was there; I asked
him was he going to use the wagon after dinner; he said he was going to haul
one load of posts with it, and then I could get it. Myself and a little boy
named Campbell, went and got the wagon and commenced hauling wood. Campbell cut
and I hauled. The second load I hauled, Abb [S]mith stopped me and told me that
he, Bill Ledlow, All[sic] Weisinger and another fellow were going to get some
money that night. I asked him what fellow it was: he (Abb Smith) said it was
Sim Acoff. I asked him how they were going to get it; he said they were going
to run over the “old man” and get it. I told Abb it would be wrong to do that.
I went to hauling wood and said no more to him until night. About half an hour
by sun my wife went to the residence to milk the cows, (Mr. W. T. Weisinger’s
residence). She told me to come to the yard and bring her baby back, as she had
milk to bring back. Al Weisinger and Emily Nelson were in the yard. We all left
the yard together. When we got to the
store, Al Weisinger and Emily stopped; myself and wife went home. About an hour
after we got home Emily came to my house. As soon as she got there, she told me
these fellows said come on. I asked ‘What fellows?” She said Bill Ledlow, Al
Weisinger and Sim Acoff, up at the store. My wife then spoke and said she
wanted some fish from the store. I said take this nickel and go up there and
get some. She said, “No I am afraid to go up there where all those men folks
are.” I then took the nickel and remarked that I would go up there and borrow a
nickel from old master and get three, and pay him when Mas. Willie came back
from Selma. When I got there Bill Ledlow, Al Weisinger, Abb Smith, Porter Ivy,
and Sim Acoff were going in the store. Bill Ledlow and Sim Acoff saw me and
they turned back and came to where I was. Bill Ledlow said, “Henry, we want to
make arrangements to get some money to-night.” I asked him how they were going
to get it. He said they had concluded to hold the “Old Man” and get it. I told
him that was wrong. Bill Ledlow said, “You do as I tell you.” He told me to get
a stick and go in and hit the “Old Man.” I told him again it was wrong and I
didn’t want to do it. When he said “Old Man” I knew he meant Mr. J. B.
Weisinger, the old gentleman in the store, and who was killed that night of
next morning. Bill Ledlow said not to kill him, but to knock him senseless. Sim
Acoff said kill him. I told [__] Acoff [_] was wrong, and I did not want to do [_].
Bill Ledlow said “Do as I tell you.” We then went in the store where Al Weisinger gave me a piece of
rail. Mr. Weisinger was standing behind the counter talking. Bill Ledlow called
for [whi__]. When Mr. Weisinger stopped to draw the whisky I struck him one lick and
he fell on his knees. Bill Ledlow said, “Strike him again.” I then struck him
the second blow. Then Bill Ledlow jumped over the counter and got one of the
money drawers. I went behind the counter and got the other drawer and gave it
to Sim Acoff. We all went down in the woods and poured the money in Sim Acoff’s
hat. We then carried the money to my house. Bill Ledlow did not go up to my
house with us. Sim Acoff and Al Weisinger divided the money at my house. Al
Weisinger, Bill Ledlow and Sim Acoff got twenty five dollars each, Al Weisinger
taking Bill Ledlow’s share’ myself, Porter Ivey and Abb Smith got fifteen
dollars each. Emily Wilson was in my house. Sim Acoff and Al Weisinger told her
to say nothing about it; that they would
see her after awhile. Then they left my house. </span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">His</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>HENRY M IVY. </b></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Mark.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">We, the unders’nged
citizens, do hereby certify that Henry Ivy made the above confession in our
presence without fear or compulsion. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">W. C. Billingsley,<br />
C. P. Whitt, <br />
Wm. Bell, <br />
L. C. Ellis, <br />
W. C. Whitt<br />
Enoch Bell, <br />
E. J. Bell. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>I don't know whether Ivy actually struck "Old Man" Weisinger or not. I find it hard to believe that he confessed to seven white men without fear or compulsion. Our next article comes to us from the Alabama Beacon (Greensboro, Alabama) April 21, 1882: </i></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Henry
Ivy and Jim Acoff, (colored,) two of the murderers of Weisinger, were lynched
on Wednesday night of last week, by a masked mob,—numbering about forty. </span> <span style="font-size: x-small;">The former had made a voluntary confession that
he participated in the killing of Weisinger, in fact, he said that he struck
the fatal blows. He also implicated Jim Acoff, and the three men tried and
convicted.</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Ivy’s
body had been found, but Jim Acoff’s was not. A colored man has said that he
met and spoke to Acoff in Meridian since the lynching.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">It
is to be regretted that lynch law was resorted to. Three of the murderers had
been tried and found guilty, and two of them hanged, while the third was sentenced
to the penitentiary for ten years. As a general rule, to which there can be
very few exceptions, the courts of the country should be resorted to, for the
punishment of violators of the criminal law. Lynching, though probably
justified under some peculiar circumstances, should never be resorted to where
the courts are open, and no special impediment in the way of a fair
administration of justice. Our Northern enemies, who take an especial pleasure
in commenting on acts of lawlessness committed in the South, will not fail to
notice this affair to our prejudice.</span></div>
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<i>It wasn't uncommon for Southern papers to claim that Northerners were against them and therefore they needed to prove that the South wasn't full of terrible people. Clearly this is not the opinion of the journalist of the Marion Commonwealth, who takes a romantic and almost gleeful approach to detailing the crime and lynching. Something interesting to note is that this lynching actually came up in a speech made at a convention of newspapermen held that same month. (I will not completely post the article here because of the size and because it is more about the convention.) An article on the convention appeared in the Greenville Advocate published in April 27, 1882 and stated that: </i>"In the course of his address [the speaker] warmly commended the denunciation by Alabama journals of the recent lynching of two negroes, Ivey and Acoff, in West Alabama." <i> By distancing themselves from lynchers, journalists assisted their communities in attracting business into the area.</i></span></div>
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<i>Our next part of the story is a take on the lynching from a paper outside of the South. The Ottowa Free Trader (Ottowa, Illinois) dated April 22, 1882 published the following article: </i></span></div>
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<b>Thriving Business of
Judge Lynch,</b><i> </i></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>
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On the 19<sup>th</sup>
of December last, J. B. Weisinger, a planter, near Brown’s station, Alabama, a
man 60 years of age, was brutally murdered in his own house, half a dozen negroes
being supposed to have had a hand in it. Two of them named Bill Ludlow and Al.
Weisinger, were finally brought to trial and convicted, and on the 31<sup>st</sup>
of March executed. On Wednesday of last week Henry Ivy, suffering under the
pangs of conscience since the execution, made a voluntary confession to seven
intelligent colored men to the effect that he and his brother, Porter Ivy, and
another negro named Sim Acoff, had been parties to the murder of old man
Weisinger, he himself (Henry Ivy) having really done the killing, though Porter
Ivy and Sim Acoff, as well as the two men who were hanged, had been equally
guilty participants. When this confession became generally known the negroes
upon the plantation became furiously excited, and Ivy and Acoff who had
meantime been arrested and bound over for their appearance before the grand jury,
were taken in charge by three white men and placed in a school house for safe
keeping. At midnight, however, forty masked me, thoroughly armed, rode up to
the building, quickly overcame and bound the guard, and rode off with the
negroes. Next day the lifeless bodies of Ivy and Acoff were found in the road
hanging from the limbs of two trees. </span></div>
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</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><br />
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<i> Our final chapter of the story is from The Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) published April 25, 1882: </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">The body of Sim
Acoff, one of two negroes who were lynched near Brown’s Station on the 14</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><sup>th</sup>
for complicity in the Wiesenger murder, is reported to-day to have been found
in a swamp near where Ivey was hung. Buzzards were eating his flesh, but his
head showed bullet holes. The report has been denied, but has again been
asserted, and is probably true. </span></div>
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</div>
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<i><span style="font-size: x-small;">Thank you for joining us and as always, we hope we leave you with something to ponder.</span> </i></div>
<i>
</i> <br />
<i>
</i> Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16705645855195104977noreply@blogger.com2Browns Station, AL 33.8889795 -87.2840158999999867.7104209999999966 -128.59260989999999 60.067538 -45.975421899999986tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-12760387747143124632016-09-15T18:11:00.001-05:002016-09-15T18:11:16.791-05:00Time for a Break<i><br /></i>
<i><br /></i>
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<i>I have spent two years and three months writing this blog. In that time I have covered the lynchings of 1, 009 persons, and posted 69 articles of interest and editorials. I am hoping that I have made more people aware of this horrible aspect of the past of the US. Acknowledging these distasteful parts is important in creating change now. </i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>I don't know how long of a hiatus I will be on. I may be back in a week, a month, or a year. Most importantly, I do plan on coming back and bringing awareness of more lynchings. I want to cover two lynchings in particular, the lynchings of Sam Hose and Emmett Till. I haven't covered them yet because recently I haven't felt like I could do justice to those lynchings. There is a lot to research and write and I've been tired. Weary is a better word. Delving into the depths of man's baseness will do that to you. It is not only the horrifying details of the lynchings but also the heart-breaking accounts of some of the crimes that preceded the lynchings.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>My first grandchild is due in six weeks and I think it is time I focused on life instead of death...at least for a while. Thank you to everyone who has taken the time to read my blog, and as always, I hope I leave you with something to ponder. </i>Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-43146099139481470082016-09-13T18:09:00.002-05:002016-09-13T18:09:47.819-05:00June 2, 1892: Bob Lewis (Jackson)<i>Today we learn about a lynching in New York through the pages of The Indianapolis news (Indianapolis, Indiana) dated June 3, 1892:</i><br />
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<i><br /></i>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>A LYNCHING IN NEW YORK.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>The Victim a Negro Who Committed a Brutal Crime—Sickening-Scene.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">PORT JERVIS, </span>N. Y., June 3.—Miss Lena McMahon, was most brutally assaulted by a negro named Bob Jackson yesterday. She will probably die. Several people witnessed the assault, but Jackson kept them off with a revolver. A posse was organized, and he was captured about nine miles from Port Jervis. On the way back Jackson confessed the crime, and implicated William Foley, a white man, who he claimed was in the conspiracy to ruin Miss McMahon. On his arrival at the lock-up he was taken in hand by a mob. A noose was adjusted about his neck and he was strung up to a neighboring tree in the presence of a howling mob. The mob is looking for Foley, who had been paying attentions to Miss McMahon against her parent's wishes.</div>
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<br /></div>
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The incidents of the journey from the jail to the place of lynching were of a most exciting character. At every electric light a halt was made by the mob and the subject of immediate lynching discussed. Jackson was dragged along the streets at the end of a rope, and was kicked and pounded by the mob without mercy.</div>
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When the place of lynching was reached, his clothing had been torn from his body, and he was in an almost insensible condition. The scene was appalling beyond description. The yells of the doomed man could be heard for blocks, and his distorted and agonized features could be plainly seen under the ghastly glare of a neighboring electric light. After having hung for more than an hour in plain view of thousands of people, the body was taken down and sent to an undertaker's establishment. The work of the lynchers seems to be approved by the public sentiment of the town as a needed warning and deterrent.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Foley Arrested and in Danger.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">PORT JERVIS, </span>N. Y., June 3.—P. J. Foley, whom Bob Lewis, the negro lynched last night for criminal assault on a girl, implicated in the crime, was captured this morning when he attempted to get out of town at 4 o'clock on an Erie express. He was taken to the lockup. Great crowds surrounded the jail where he is confined, and so great is the excitement that officers do not care to open the gates to arraign him before the magistrate for fear popular indignation will lead to similar treatment to that which the negro received.</div>
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<i>Our next article comes from The Evening World (New York, N. Y.) dated June 4, 1892:</i></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><br /></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>FOLEY SAFE FROM LYNCHING.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Port Jervis Will Not Duplicate Thursday Night's Crime.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Negro Lewis's Alleged Accomplice Repudiated by his Only Brother.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">[SPECIAL TO THE EVENING WORLD.]</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">PORT JERVIS, </span>N. Y., June 4.—Miss Lena McMahon, for an assault upon whom Negro bob Lewis was lynched Thursday night, is still in a critical condition to-day, but will probably recover. Her physicians say that absolute quiet is required for her.</div>
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With the removal of Foley to Goshen Jail, all danger that he might also be lynched has passed.</div>
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Respectable citizens now deprecate the lynching and say that the mob was composed mainly of the rough element of the population. It is not believed, however, that any of the rioters will ever be tried or punished for the part they took in the affair.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
Peter J. Foley, who was implicated by Bob Lewis before his death in the assault upon Lena McMahon, has a brother in this city, J. P. Foley, a clerk in the office of the Worthington Steam Pump Company, 86 Liberty street. He is an industrious, reputable man, occupying a responsible position and is highly esteemed by his employers. He says that his brother has forfeited the right to brotherly sympathy, and, that if it is true that he was in collusion with Lewis, it is a pity he was not strung up with the negro.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
To an <span style="font-size: x-small;">EVENING WORLD</span> reporter Mr. J. P. Foley this morning said: "My brother is twenty-six years old. He was born in Warren, Mass., where our mother and sister now live. Mother is seventy-five years old and this trouble may prove fatal. Peter is the youngest of her three children, and naturally was always petted. He learned the trade of a machinist in Warren, and afterwards worked at his trade there and in Holyoke and in Boston.</div>
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"He came to New York, and for a time was engaged as pump salesman by the Gordon Steam Pump Company in Liberty street. He took to drinking and idling, and I was several times called upon to pay his bills and money that he borrowed. I finally refused to have anything more to do with him.</div>
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"I had not heard from him for about a year, although I understood he was in the neighborhood of Port Jervis, and I thought he was in the insurance business. i never knew he gambled.</div>
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"I was not sure that it was he until I saw his picture in <span style="font-size: x-small;">THE WORLD</span> this morning. i shall not do anything for him. If he was guilty of conniving at the outrage upon miss McMahon he merited the same punishment as was inflicted upon Lewis.</div>
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"I cannot understand why he has turned out so badly. There appears to be a mean streak in him which cannot be traced on either his mother or father's side. He has never married, to my knowledge.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
"Recently I read an account of the arrest of a man giving Peter's initials, in Chicago, for falsely representing himself as an agent of the Harpers. Whether it was really he I do not now. but if it is true, as published, that blackmailing letters from him to Miss McMahon have been found, I am ready to believe almost anything about him."</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
E. G. Fowler, one of the editors of the <i>Rural New Yorker</i>, opposite whose house in Port Jervis the lynching occurred, said to-day that he was not home at the time. Mr. Fowler recalls the lynching of a negro for a similar crime in Newburg in the Summer of 1863.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
The negro in question was locked up in the Court-House, but Sheriff Hanmore was unable to resist the mob, who hanged the prisoner to a tree in front of the Court-House. It was a Sunday night, and Mr. Fowler saw the body hanging when he came out of church.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLxqHagsoiM7HIvWmTAAVg-A9lNZpQdLLrEMqosPWjPSRpdYiuE53sXVE0y8E75RHsLuahPXjQdYY9ZIBGI5vOgiBUjNc8reg-_q6T-hC8GbelLHg4ZCroGC0V0_RcROqpK3pOJomq8jM/s1600/Bob+Lewis.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLxqHagsoiM7HIvWmTAAVg-A9lNZpQdLLrEMqosPWjPSRpdYiuE53sXVE0y8E75RHsLuahPXjQdYY9ZIBGI5vOgiBUjNc8reg-_q6T-hC8GbelLHg4ZCroGC0V0_RcROqpK3pOJomq8jM/s400/Bob+Lewis.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<i>Thank you for joining me and as always, I hope I leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
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<br /></div>
Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-35433302998906222922016-09-12T18:48:00.000-05:002016-09-12T18:48:24.155-05:00July 22, 1899: Frank Embree<i>Today we learn about a Missouri lynching through the pages of The Hays Free Press (Hays, Kansas) dated July 29, 1899:</i><br />
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<i><br /></i>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>WHIPPED AND THEN LYNCHED.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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<b>Missouri Negro Meets Death at the Hands of a Mob Near Higbee.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">MEXICO, </span>Mo., July 24.—Frank Embree, charged with an assault on the 14-year-old daughter of W. W. Daugherty, June 17, near Burton, Howard county, was lynched Saturday morning while on his way with the officers to Fayette to be tried for the crime.</div>
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He had expected his fate, and a few days ago wrote to his brother in Garnett, Kan., and said good-by. He said if the court cleared him he expected to be mobbed after his relase [sic]. He occupied a cell next to that of Alexander Jester, the alleged murderer of Gilbert Gates.</div>
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He had feared lynching on his way to Fayette and begged to be taken to Kansas City for safety. The lynching occurred near Higbee, a little place in Howard county. The prisoner was on board a Chicago & Alton train. Embree was taken off and and [sic] whipped for half an hour and then hanged to a tree.</div>
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It seems that the little girl was riding along the road on horseback. Embree came upon her unexpectedly. He grabbed the horse by the bridle, dragged the victim to a lonely spot in the woods, where he choked and beat her severely in an effort to subdue her and stop her cries. After accomplishing his purpose he made his escape and got as far as Garnett, Kan., where his parents reside. He was arrested there and brought to Huntsville, Mo., and then to this city.</div>
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<i>A more detailed accounting is found in the Garnett Journal (Garnett, Kansas) dated July 28, 1899:</i></div>
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<i><br /></i></div>
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<i><br /></i></div>
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<b>FRANK EMBREE LYNCHED.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Pleadings of Hid Victim Save Him From a Worse Fate.</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Special to the Kansas City Times.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
Fayette, Mo., July 22.—Frqank Embree, who ravished Miss Willie Dougherty on Saturday, June 17, has paid the penalty for his crime.</div>
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The crime was such that the citizens felt that even the speediest kind of law would not be swift enough, hence decided to take the law into their own hands as soon as they could lay hands on him.</div>
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Deputy Sheriff Winn went to Mexico for Embree, where he had been in jail since his capture and return to Missouri. Judge Hockaday had made every preparation and precaution for giving the negro a fair trial. He had summoned about 100 citizens to act as guards at the court house during the trial. But it was all for naught. Hundreds of men in the county were determined to get Embree, and every appraosch to the city was guarded.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
Deputy Sheriff Winn was to take the negro to Steinmetz, where a conveyance was in waiting to bring them to Fayette. the train arrived at Steinmetz at 5:15 a. m., and the deputy and the prisoner alighted, hustled into a carriage, where two more deputies were seated, and struck out at a lively gait toward Fayette. When they reached the foot of the Walcott hill, two miles Southeast of Steinmetz, a large crowd of men was seen, and Deputy Sheriff Winn gave the driver the order to dash through the crowd. The horses were whipped to a run, but the mob closed in on them, and stopping the horses, demanded the negro.</div>
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A stubborn resistance brought a crowd sufficient to handle the deputies, while the shackled and handcuffed negro was hustled into a spring wagon and the journey to the spot where the crime was committed was begun. A better organized or more orderly mob was never seen. Not a shout, nor any boisterous conduct whatever.</div>
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The roadside swarmed with men on horseback and in vehicles and the mob grew larger and larger as it neared the scene of the crime. A funeral procession could not have been more quiet. But there was a look of determination depicted on each countenance that told terriblǝ [sic] earnestness of each and every man. New recruits were added as each mile of the long journey of ten miles was made. By the time the end of the journey was reached fully 1,000 persons were assembled. The crowd had driven past the home where the negro was born and reared and lived until nine years ago. He was taken to the scene of his hellish deed, one and one-half miles eaast of Burton, where the first halt was made, and the negro was requested to make a statement.</div>
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He told dozens of conflicting stories as to his movements, who aided him to escape, etc. He stolidly refused to tell the straight story. The negro was then driven into the middle of Thomas Patterson's wheat field, and again he was piled with questions concerning the case. He stubbornly refused to tell a straight story. He was then stripped of his clothing and half a dozen stalwart, well-muscled citizens of the community laid on the lash, buggy whips being used.</div>
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Each lash laid open the hide and the blood trickled down his body. The negro never once winced. He gazed abstractedly into the faces of the crowd, never uttering a word. Twice he fell, either from exhaustion or with the view of falling back and breaking his neck. He was given 105 fearful lashes, then allowed to sit down, and was again questioned, but he refused to modify his statements. He was made to stand up again and the lash was laid on once more. His sense of felling [sic] had returned and he screamed for mercy, stating that he would tell all.</div>
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He then told the crowd that if they would not torture him any more, would not burn him, but would either shoot or hang him, he would confess all.</div>
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Embree then confessed that he committed the crime; that he was drunk. He said that he had no assistance in escaping Fayette or out of the county. He did not implicate anyone, but it is believed that he told the truth.</div>
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A rope was then thrown around his neck and he was led to a black oak tree, about 150 yards east of where the crime was committed. He was then permitted to say his last say. He stated that he was sorry that he had committed the crime and hoped that all woud forgive him. He requested that they write to his parents and tell them to forgive him, and for them to so live that they would go to heaven. He also requested that his revolver be sent to his mother and a dime he had be sent to his father. He was then told to pray if he wanted to. He prayed to God for forgiveness for his sins and said he hoped to go to heaven. He prayed that his parents and all mankind would forgive him. His petition to heaven was almost incoherent. At last his amen was said. The rope was thrown over a limb and his body was pulled into mid-air. A few violent jerks and convulsions and his soul was ushered into eternity.</div>
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Mr. Dougherty, the father of the girl who was so brutally treated, gave orders that not a shot was to be fired into the negro's body before or after death and his order was strictly observed.</div>
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There was at first serious thought of burning the negro, but Mr. Dougherty requested that nothing of the sort be done and his every wish was respected. These requests were made at the instance [sic] of the outraged girl.</div>
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<i>Thank you for joining me and as always, I hope I leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com19tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3919678452339591453.post-3016232108978521252016-09-09T17:29:00.001-05:002016-09-09T17:29:16.829-05:00June 14, 1876: Alfred Bodman<i>The Tennessean (Nashville, Tennessee) dated September 22, 1876:</i><br />
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<b>Lynched.</b></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">LOUISVILLE, </span>Sept.21.—Alfred Bodman, of Brownstown, Ind., was lynched Thursday morning while returning from Jeffersonville. He had threatened to kill several persons, and having already been guilty of murder, was lynched. No further information is known other than the fact stated.</div>
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<i>Thank you for joining me and as always, I hope I leave you with something to ponder.</i></div>
Anne M. Lasthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13058444764378209954noreply@blogger.com0